{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T10:17:40Z","timestamp":1787739460211,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012131","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Liaoning Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024\u2010BSLH\u2010278"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024\u2010BSLH\u2010278"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012131","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32402376"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32402376"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Insect Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Insects can survive in nutrient\u2010poor environments owing to nutritional symbionts that produce vitamins and essential amino acids (EAAs). Nonetheless, how symbionts actively benefit from this nutritional symbiosis remains incompletely understood. Horizontally transferred genes (HTGs) expressed in bacteriocytes can function autonomously or cooperatively with symbionts to biosynthesize EAAs or B vitamins. We previously demonstrated that the horizontally transferred\n                    <jats:italic>panBC<\/jats:italic>\n                    and the symbiont\n                    <jats:italic>Portiera<\/jats:italic>\n                    cooperatively synthesize vitamin B5 (pantothenate), thereby enhancing whitefly fecundity. Beyond supporting host reproduction, this nutritional symbiosis also confers a fitness advantage on the symbionts. We further showed that induction of autophagy reduces symbiont abundance in bacteriocytes, whereas inhibition of autophagy increases it. Here, we found that silencing\n                    <jats:italic>panBC<\/jats:italic>\n                    reduced\n                    <jats:italic>Portiera<\/jats:italic>\n                    titer, impaired whitefly oogenesis, and disrupted vitellogenin (Vg) localization in ovarioles and bacteriocytes by modulating juvenile hormone biosynthesis. Pantothenate supplementation restored Vg localization in\n                    <jats:italic>panBC<\/jats:italic>\n                    RNAi whiteflies. Furthermore, silencing either\n                    <jats:italic>Vg<\/jats:italic>\n                    or\n                    <jats:italic>panBC<\/jats:italic>\n                    induced autophagy in bacteriocytes, and rapamycin\u2010induced autophagy decreased symbiont titers. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that pantothenate, synthesized cooperatively by the horizontally transferred\n                    <jats:italic>panBC<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Portiera<\/jats:italic>\n                    , regulates Vg localization in whiteflies and that Vg, in turn, protects symbionts from autophagic degradation. Our study suggests that horizontally transferred genes and symbionts jointly contribute to an important role of Vg in maintaining and shaping the evolution of insect\u2013symbiont interactions. This study advances our understanding of how HTGs contribute to the persistence of nutritional symbiosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.70345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T07:06:32Z","timestamp":1787209592000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A horizontally acquired pantothenate gene drives vitellogenin's benefit to whitefly symbiosis persistence"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5754-4231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiang","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang China"},{"name":"Shenyang Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing\u2010Qi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhan\u2010Bo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang China"},{"name":"Shenyang Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chu\u2010Qiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang China"},{"name":"Shenyang Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing\u2010Ye","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9790-2048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun\u2010Bo","family":"Luan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection Shenyang Agricultural University  Shenyang China"},{"name":"Shenyang Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant 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