{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T04:58:59Z","timestamp":1790398739715,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":173,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32471609"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32471609"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32101277"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32101277"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Insect Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lepidopteran pests and phytopathogenic fungi are major biotic threats to crop health and productivity, yet their interactions remain poorly integrated into current frameworks of insect\u2013microbe and plant disease ecology. Lepidopteran pests and fungal pathogens often share common ecological niches on host plants, particularly damaged tissues and microbe\u2010rich interfaces. Chewing damage, frass deposition and movement by lepidopteran pests can create opportunities for fungal dispersal and invasion. This review synthesizes current knowledge on lepidopteran pest\u2013phytopathogenic fungus\u2013plant (LPP) tripartite interactions. It first outlines the biological features of lepidopteran pests, phytopathogenic fungi, and host plants that provide the ecological basis for their co\u2010occurrence. Direct interactions are then examined, including competition for plant\u2010derived resources, pest\u2010mediated fungal facilitation, mutualistic associations, and antagonistic effects of fungi on lepidopteran survival or development. Plant\u2010mediated indirect interactions are further discussed, focusing on how pest feeding or fungal infection reshapes host\u2010plant physiology, defense responses, and ecological signaling. Finally, interaction\u2010guided strategies are considered from three perspectives: breeding crop varieties with coordinated resistance, applying RNAi\u2010based approaches to target key pest or fungal genes, and manipulating plant\u2010 or insect\u2010associated microbial communities. Overall, understanding the pest\u2013fungus interactions shifts the paradigm from isolated threat management toward holistic interventions, providing a mechanistic foundation for next\u2010generation sustainable crop protection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.70352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T04:17:54Z","timestamp":1790396274000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lepidopteran pests and phytopathogenic fungi: The overlooked interface of insect\u2012microbe interactions"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Wen\u2010Xue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pathogens and Ecosystems, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences Nanjing Normal University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao\u2010Ran","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pathogens and Ecosystems, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences Nanjing Normal University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pathogens and Ecosystems, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences Nanjing Normal University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7891-0512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pathogens and Ecosystems, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences Nanjing Normal University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9010010","article-title":"Strategies for controlling the sporulation in Fusarium spp","volume":"9","author":"Ajmal M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Fungi"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5314.945","article-title":"An elicitor of plant volatiles from beet armyworm oral secretion","volume":"276","author":"Alborn H.T.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1093\/ee\/nvv160","article-title":"Larval preference and performance of Amyelois transitella (navel orangeworm, 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