{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:59:22Z","timestamp":1790776762064,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32272628"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32272628"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Insect Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    LIM homeodomain transcription factor 1 beta (\n                    <jats:italic>Lmx1b<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), a member of the LIM\u2010homeodomain family, plays essential roles in tissue differentiation and organ development in diverse eukaryotes, yet its biological functions in insects remain largely unknown. Here, we identify\n                    <jats:italic>Lmx1b<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a highly effective RNA interference (RNAi) target in the 28\u2010spotted ladybeetle,\n                    <jats:italic>Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a serious solanaceous pest. RNAi\u2010mediated silencing of\n                    <jats:italic>HvLmx1b<\/jats:italic>\n                    prevented larval molting and pupation, resulting in complete mortality.\n                    <jats:italic>HvLmx1b<\/jats:italic>\n                    knockdown markedly reduced endogenous 20\u2010hydroxyecdysone (20E) titers, suppressed Halloween genes and the ecdysone signaling pathway, and downregulated multiple genes involved in chitin metabolism and cuticle tanning, resulting in defective cuticle formation. Ultrastructural analyses further revealed progressive degeneration of epidermal cells and leg muscles, indicating an essential role for\n                    <jats:italic>HvLmx1b<\/jats:italic>\n                    in maintaining tissue integrity during postembryonic development.\n                    <jats:italic>In silico<\/jats:italic>\n                    off\u2010target analysis against representative non\u2010target arthropods and beneficial organisms predicted a low risk of unintended gene silencing by ds\n                    <jats:italic>HvLmx1b<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Collectively, our findings establish\n                    <jats:italic>HvLmx1b<\/jats:italic>\n                    as an upstream developmental regulator that coordinates ecdysteroid signaling, cuticle formation and postembryonic tissue homeostasis, and highlight its potential as an RNAi target for management of\n                    <jats:italic>H. vigintioctopunctata<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.70372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:25:54Z","timestamp":1790774754000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<i>Lmx1b<\/i>\n                    is essential for molting and leg integrity in\n                    <i>Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata<\/i>\n                    : Implications for RNA biopesticide development"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Junna","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mujuan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"June\u2010Sun","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Biotechnology\/Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National University  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuguo","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology University of Illinois Urbana\u2010Champaign Urbana Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3508-6695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youjun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2299-5980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huipeng","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunxiao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1127\/entomologia\/3780"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.163394","article-title":"Lmx1a is required for the development of the ovarian stem cell niche in Drosophila","volume":"145","author":"Allbee A.W.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","volume-title":"Insect Pests of Potato: Global Perspectives on Biology and Management","author":"Alyokhin A.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2009.10.007","article-title":"Insect cuticular sclerotization: a review","volume":"40","author":"Andersen S.O.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular 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