{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T15:16:45Z","timestamp":1761059805514},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,26]],"date-time":"2014-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1411689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ther Apher Dial"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPS<\/jats:styled-content>) involves excessive peritoneal fibrosis in patients on peritoneal dialysis, eventually leading to visceral constriction and bowel obstruction. Few studies have investigated epigenetic mechanisms relating to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPS<\/jats:styled-content>. Here we evaluated the therapeutic effects of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> demethylation in experimental <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPS<\/jats:styled-content>. Experimental <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPS<\/jats:styled-content> was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 0.1% chlorhexidine gluconate (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CG<\/jats:styled-content>) and 15% ethanol in non\u2010uremic male Sprague\u2013Dawley (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>) rats. Rats were divided into three groups: group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>N\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u20095) with saline injection only, group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CG<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>N\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u20097) with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPS<\/jats:styled-content> induction for 4\u2009weeks, and chlorhexidine gluconate and azacytidine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGA<\/jats:styled-content>) treated group (<jats:italic>N\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u20097) with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPS<\/jats:styled-content> induction for 4\u2009weeks and 5'\u2010azacytidine injection for the last 2\u2009weeks. Morphometric analysis of peritoneum and immunohistochemical staining for type 1 collagen and \u03b1\u2010smooth muscle actin (\u03b1\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMA<\/jats:styled-content>) were performed. Expressions of transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b2 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b2), fibroblast\u2010specific protein 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FSP<\/jats:styled-content>1), and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> methyltransferase 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNMT<\/jats:styled-content>1) were analyzed by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>estern blot. Methylation\u2010specific polymerase chain reaction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>) for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GTP<\/jats:styled-content>ase activating\u2010like protein 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RASAL<\/jats:styled-content>1) was performed with measurement of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RASAL<\/jats:styled-content>1 protein expression. Parietal peritoneal thickness and the number of vessels in omental tissue were significantly decreased in group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGA<\/jats:styled-content> compared to group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CG<\/jats:styled-content>, as were the expressions of type 1 collagen, \u03b1\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMA<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b2, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FSP<\/jats:styled-content>1. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNMT<\/jats:styled-content>1 was significantly increased in group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CG<\/jats:styled-content>, and reduced in group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGA<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RASAL<\/jats:styled-content>1 hypermethylation was associated with decreased <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RASAL<\/jats:styled-content>1 protein expression in group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CG<\/jats:styled-content>, which was reversed in group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGA<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> demethylation by 5'\u2010azacytidine treatment improved pathologic changes of the peritoneum in experimental <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPS<\/jats:styled-content>, and was associated with reversal of increased <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNMT<\/jats:styled-content>1 expression and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RASAL<\/jats:styled-content>1 hypermethylation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-9987.12186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,26]],"date-time":"2014-09-26T05:43:33Z","timestamp":1411710213000},"page":"628-636","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effect of <scp>DNA<\/scp> Demethylation in Experimental Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Kyung\u2010Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital  Daegu Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hye\u2010Myung","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital  Daegu Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Se\u2010Hyun","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital  Daegu Korea"},{"name":"BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program Department of Biomedical Science Kyungpook National University  Daegu Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun\u2010Joo","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital  Daegu Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji\u2010Sun","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital  Daegu Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong\u2010Hak","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital  Daegu Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji\u2010Young","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital  Daegu Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jang\u2010Hee","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital  Daegu Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chan\u2010Duck","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital  Daegu Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong\u2010Lim","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital  Daegu Korea"},{"name":"BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program Department of Biomedical Science Kyungpook National University  Daegu 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