{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T07:19:31Z","timestamp":1767165571362,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]],"date-time":"2021-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Apher Dial"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) has a wide variety of underlying causes and occurs in association with dialysis. Early diagnosis is essential to prevent permanent nerve damage and functional sequelae. We evaluated the association between CTS and cross\u2010sectional area (CSA) of the median nerve in chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients. Patients with end\u2010stage renal disease on maintenance HD via arteriovenous fistula were enrolled. We divided 43 patients into two groups; patients diagnosed with CTS (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a019) and patients without CTS (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a024). The median nerve CSA was measured at the wrist (CSA\u2010W) and forearm (CSA\u2010F) by ultrasonography. Median nerve swelling was assessed by the wrist\u2010to\u2010forearm ratio (WFR). There were no significant differences in the underlying causes of chronic kidney disease and adequacy of dialysis between the two groups (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0NS). The patients with CTS showed significantly higher WFR than the patients without CTS (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.001). Univariate Cox regression analysis revealed that WFR &gt;1.25 (odds ratio, 6.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.44\u201327.45;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.014) was associated with CTS in HD patients. The factors traditionally associated with CTS such as age, sex, diabetes, vintage of HD, \u03b22\u2010MG, intact PTH, and Kt\/V were not associated with CTS. After adjustment for age and sex, we found a strong correlation between CTS and the WFR &gt;1.25 (odds ratio, 10.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.85\u201362.4;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.008). High WFR was associated with the development of CTS, and median nerve swelling was an independent risk factor of CTS in chronic HD patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-9987.13636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T08:05:13Z","timestamp":1614240313000},"page":"607-612","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Median nerve swelling is an independent risk factor of carpal tunnel syndrome in chronic hemodialysis patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"June Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine  Yangsan South Korea"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital  Yangsan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Byung\u2010min","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine  Yangsan South Korea"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital  Yangsan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min Jeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine  Yangsan South Korea"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital  Yangsan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seo Rin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine  Yangsan South Korea"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital  Yangsan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Il Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine  Yangsan South Korea"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital  Yangsan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyo Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine  Yangsan South Korea"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology Pusan National University Hospital  Busan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miyeun","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine  Yangsan South Korea"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology Pusan National University Hospital  Busan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang Heon","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine  Yangsan South Korea"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology Pusan National University Hospital  Busan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun Young","family":"Seong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine  Yangsan South Korea"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology Pusan National University Hospital  Busan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soo Bong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine  Yangsan South Korea"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital  Yangsan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0282-484X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Pusan National University School of Medicine  Yangsan South Korea"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital  Yangsan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-007-0350-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000002181"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03009749409103731"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/31.3.157"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"378","article-title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome, subclinical 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