{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T14:16:57Z","timestamp":1788445017380,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]],"date-time":"2025-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]],"date-time":"2025-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735948800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81801068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81801068"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Apher Dial"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) has shown potential in neurological, autoimmune, and cardiovascular disorders, but its effects on HD patients remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tVNS in HD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a randomized controlled clinical trial on patients receiving HD \u22656\u2009months. The tVNS group received stimulation for 1\u2009h during the first 2\u2009h of HD sessions, three times weekly for 8\u2009weeks, while the control group received standard care. The primary outcomes were dialysis efficiency (Single\u2010pool Kt\/V, Sp Kt\/V) and dialysis\u2010related symptoms (Dialysis Symptom Index, DSI), assessed every 4\u2009weeks. Secondary outcomes included pain and fatigue scores, physical performance, Hemodialysis Comfort Scale, hemoglobin levels, Mini\u2010Mental State Examination, and anxiety and depression scores, measured at baseline and 8\u2009weeks after intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 63 patients were enrolled in the study, with 32 patients assigned to the tVNS group and 31 patients to the control group. At 8\u2009weeks, the tVNS group showed significant improvements in Sp Kt\/V (1.31\u2009\u00b1\u20090.11 vs. 1.25\u2009\u00b1\u20090.10,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02), and DSI (12.09\u2009\u00b1\u20095.84 vs. 16.26\u2009\u00b1\u20095.27,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004), as well as reductions in pain and fatigue, and increases in physical function, comfort, and hemoglobin. However, there were no statistically significant changes observed in cognitive function, anxiety, or depression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>tVNS could improve dialysis efficiency, symptoms, and physical function in HD patients, indicating it may have a role as a complementary therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-9987.14243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]],"date-time":"2025-01-04T04:34:53Z","timestamp":1735965293000},"page":"739-748","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in hemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Qiuling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology The Third Clinical Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Sinopharm Gezhouba Central Hospital  Yichang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Dou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology The Third Clinical Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Sinopharm Gezhouba Central Hospital  Yichang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Ao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology The Third Clinical Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Sinopharm Gezhouba Central Hospital  Yichang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongmei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology The Third Clinical Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Sinopharm Gezhouba Central Hospital  Yichang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology The Third Clinical Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Sinopharm Gezhouba Central Hospital  Yichang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1994-8592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology The Third Clinical Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Sinopharm Gezhouba Central Hospital  Yichang 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