{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T10:49:43Z","timestamp":1785149383300,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Apher Dial"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cell\u2010free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy (CART) is used for ascites in decompensated cirrhosis and malignant tumors. We investigated extracellular vesicles (EVs) and circulating immune complexes (CICs) as potential inflammatory inducers in ascites and verified whether they can be removed through CART treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ascites from 10 patients, including those with cancer, undergoing CART were analyzed. We compared the inflammatory inducers in untreated ascites, ascites processed using AHF\u2010MO (conventional CART filter), and those filtered with EC20W (double\u2010filtration plasmapheresis filter). A cell\u2010based reporter assay measured biological activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>AHF\u2010MO significantly lowered EV and CIC levels along with physiological activity in the treated ascites. EC20W was superior in terms of EV removal but showed no significant difference from AHF\u2010MO in CIC removal. AHF\u2010MO showed a greater reduction in physiological activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The CART process with AHF\u2010MO effectively removes EVs and CICs, reducing physiological activity and demonstrating its safety in ascites treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-9987.70022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T01:16:50Z","timestamp":1744766210000},"page":"577-587","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cell\u2010free concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy enables removal of extracellular vesicles and circulating immune complexes in ascites"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Yamaji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology Juntendo University School of Medicine  Tokyo 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