{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T17:14:14Z","timestamp":1767374054170},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]],"date-time":"2020-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["EuroChoices"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Agriculture is a major source of environmental pressure worldwide. At the same time, most countries support the farming sector through a variety of policy instruments. This article discusses the impact of agricultural policies on environmental performance. The available evidence as well as modelling studies undertaken at the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OECD<\/jats:styled-content> show that the way in which agricultural support is provided affects its environmental impact. Support coupled to production or input use is particularly harmful for the environment, while other instruments such as largely decoupled payments, which do not depend on current production choices, are among the least environmentally harmful forms of support. Yet the most environmentally harmful instruments remain widely used, although less so in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EU<\/jats:styled-content>. Policies should therefore be reoriented towards more decoupled forms of support \u2013 a reform which would pay a \u2018double dividend\u2019 in terms of both improved economic efficiency and environmental performance. This would reduce the environmental harm created by agricultural activities, but additional policy measures are needed to address the remaining environmental externalities \u2013 both in providing public goods and reducing environmental damage \u2013 that are not reflected in prices received or paid by farmers. Policymakers also have an important role to play in designing policies that can be effectively monitored and evaluated in terms of both their economic and environmental consequences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1746-692x.12247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,22]],"date-time":"2020-02-22T05:59:41Z","timestamp":1582351181000},"page":"30-35","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Reforming Agricultural Policies Will Help to Improve Environmental Performance"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Gwen","family":"DeBoe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Organisation for Economic Co\u2010operation and Development (OECD) Trade and Agriculture Directorate  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koen","family":"Deconinck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organisation for Economic Co\u2010operation and Development (OECD) Trade and Agriculture Directorate  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organisation for Economic Co\u2010operation and Development (OECD) Trade and Agriculture Directorate  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jussi","family":"Lankoski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organisation for Economic Co\u2010operation and Development (OECD) Trade and Agriculture Directorate  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/jel.51.2.423"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5751\/ES-09595-220408"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10452"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1746-692X.12204"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","unstructured":"Henderson B.andJ.Lankoski(2019).Evaluating the environmental impact of agricultural policies. OECD Food Agriculture and Fisheries Papers No. 130 OECD Publishing Paris. Available online at:https\u200b:\/\/doi.org\/10.1787\/add0f\u200b27c-en."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","unstructured":"OECD(2009).Developments in agri\u2010environmental policies in OECD countries in Agricultural Policies in OECD Countries 2009: Monitoring and Evaluation OECD Publishing Paris. 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