{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:31:03Z","timestamp":1790793063415,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nutrition &amp;amp; Dietetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore the relationship between nutritional intake, fermentable oligo\u2010, di, monosaccharides and polyols, and carbohydrate malabsorption, with gastrointestinal symptoms during a 56\u2009km trail ultramarathon event and identify differences in nutritional intake between runners with severe and non\u2010severe gastrointestinal symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010four ultramarathoners recorded and self\u2010reported dietary intake 3\u2009days before, morning of, and during the ultramarathon with gastrointestinal symptoms obtained retrospectively and nutrient analysis via FoodWorks. Carbohydrate malabsorption was determined via breath hydrogen content pre\u2010 and post\u2010race. Spearman's rank\u2010order and Mann\u2013Whitney U\u2010tests were used to identify relationships and differences between groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Total fermentable oligo\u2010, di, monosaccharides and polyols intake were not associated with gastrointestinal symptoms, but weak associations were observed for lower energy (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.302, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.044) and fat intake (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.340, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.024) 3\u2009days before with upper gastrointestinal symptoms and higher caffeine intake 3\u2009days before with overall gastrointestinal symptoms (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.314, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.038). Total fermentable oligo\u2010, di\u2010, monosaccharides and polyols intake and breath hydrogen were not different between those with severe versus non\u2010severe symptoms (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Although those with severe symptoms had higher caffeine (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.032), and total polyols intake (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.031) 3\u2009days before, and higher % energy from fat (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.043) and sorbitol intake (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.026) during the race, and slower ultramarathon finish times (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.042).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Total fermentable oligo\u2010, di\u2010, and monosaccharides intake and carbohydrate malabsorption were not associated with gastrointestinal symptoms. Additional research on the effect of fat, caffeine, and polyol intake on exercise\u2010associated gastrointestinal symptoms is warranted and presents new nutritional areas for consideration when planning nutritional intake for ultramarathoners.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1747-0080.12870","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T01:18:57Z","timestamp":1713489537000},"page":"335-346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Total fermentable oligo\u2010, di\u2010, monosaccharides and polyols intake, carbohydrate malabsorption and gastrointestinal symptoms during a 56\u2009km trail ultramarathon event"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5656-9106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lilia","family":"Convit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Centre for Sport Research Deakin University  Geelong Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shant S.","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Centre for Sport Research Deakin University  Geelong Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William T.","family":"Jardine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Centre for Sport Research Deakin University  Geelong Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles S.","family":"Urwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Centre for Sport Research Deakin University  Geelong Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Spencer S. 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