{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T02:15:32Z","timestamp":1783649732449,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,11]],"date-time":"2013-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1378857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Integrative Zoology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rodent pest population outbreaks occur frequently in grassland ecosystems in northern China. The Mongolian gerbil (<jats:italic>Meriones unguiculatus<\/jats:italic>) is a dominant pest rodent which is distributed across the semi\u2010desert grasslands of Inner Mongolia, China. In 2009, we studied the contraceptive effect of levonorgestrel\u2010quinestrol (EP\u20101), concentration 50 ppm, on a wild Mongolian gerbil population. The one\u2010off contraceptive treatment was compared with a control group using a semi\u2010monthly live trapping method in the Ordos Semi\u2010desert Grassland Region of Inner Mongolia. The results show that juveniles were not recruited in spring in the treatment group. Ratios of juveniles in the control and treatment groups showed significant semi\u2010monthly differences from spring to summer (one\u2010way ANOVA, <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2, 14<\/jats:sub>= 7.53, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Between both groups, annual fluctuations of juvenile and total population densities were significantly different respectively (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2, 14<\/jats:sub>= 4.64, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05; <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2, 18<\/jats:sub>= 7.72, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). The contraceptive EP\u20101 delayed the normal reproductive pattern of Mongolian gerbil populations. This suppressed birth rates of gerbil populations, reduced their densities, and changed their age structures. The period of EP\u20101 baiting should be extended but it could be an ideal method for controlling Mongolian gerbil populations during each breeding season.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1749-4877.12018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,23]],"date-time":"2012-11-23T11:18:05Z","timestamp":1353669485000},"page":"277-284","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Effects of levonorgestrel\u2010quinestrol (EP\u20101) treatment on Mongolian gerbil wild populations: a case study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Heping","family":"FU","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinwei","family":"ZHANG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dazhao","family":"SHI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"WU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"160","article-title":"Principles for population control by gametocytes","volume":"26","author":"Davis DE","year":"1961","journal-title":"Transactions of the North American Wildlife, and, Natural Resources Conference"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"EricssonRJ(1982).Alpha\u2010chlorohydrin (Epibloc): a toxicant\u2010sterility as an alternative in rodent control. 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Proceedings of the Tenth Vertebrate Pest Conference; 23\u201325 Feb 1982 Monterey California."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"343","volume-title":"Pest Control: Biological, Physical, and, Selected Chemical Methods","author":"Howard WE","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"321","article-title":"Effect of levonorgestrel\u2010quinestrol on fertility of female Mongolia gerbils, Meriones unguiculatus","volume":"34","author":"Huo XF","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Phytophylacica Sinica"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2006.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/WR07129"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2007.2029"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.130.3380.902"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"KniplingEF McGuireJU(1972).Potential role of sterilization for suppressing rat populations: a theoretical appraisal.Agricultural Research Service Technical Bulletin No.1455 pp.1\u201327."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Ecological Methodology","author":"Krebs CJ","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3746(82)90015-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"A preliminary study on the control effect of the sterility on the population of clawed gerbil","volume":"32","author":"Liang HC","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plant Protection"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaridenv.2006.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"139","article-title":"Reproductive pattern of cohort, and, its adaptation in life history of Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus)","volume":"23","author":"Liu W","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Theriologica Sinica"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1644\/08-MAMM-A-265.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Fauna Sinica Mammalia, vol. 6. 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