{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T07:58:36Z","timestamp":1790323116684,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,23]],"date-time":"2014-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1403481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Integrative Zoology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Larvae of the processionary moths of the Palaearctic region bear urticating setae that are released against vertebrate predators, especially insectivorous birds. A few species are pests of forest and urban trees and, consequently, may threaten human and animal health during outbreaks, causing dermatitis, conjunctivitis and respiratory distress. Although some studies provide detailed information about the setae, particularly those of the pine processionary moth\n                    <jats:italic>Thaumetopoea pityocampa<\/jats:italic>\n                    , there is little knowledge on the morphological traits of the setae and their release by the larvae. In the present study we identify major traits of the setae of 3 species of processionary moth,\n                    <jats:italic>T. pityocampa, T. pinivora<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>T. processionea<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which are potentially helpful in the understanding of setae dynamics in the environment: (i) diameter and length of setae and (ii) analysis of dynamical properties of the setae in the airborne state. Setae are highly variable in size, with bimodal distribution in\n                    <jats:italic>T. pityocampa<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>T. pinivora<\/jats:italic>\n                    ; in these 2 species, short and long setae are interspersed within the integument fields where they occur. The difference in the seta size has important consequences in dispersion, as smaller setae can spread 5 times further than their bigger counterparts. This information is relevant for a full understanding of the defensive importance of larval setae against natural enemies of the processionary moths, as well for elucidating the importance of the processionary setae as air pollutants, both close to the infested trees and at longer distances.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1749-4877.12031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,24]],"date-time":"2012-12-24T02:56:56Z","timestamp":1356317816000},"page":"320-327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Size and dispersion of urticating setae in three species of processionary moths"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Edoardo","family":"PETRUCCO TOFFOLO","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment\u2013Entomology University of Padova  Legnaro Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"ZOVI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment\u2013Entomology University of Padova  Legnaro Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"PERIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment\u2013Entomology University of Padova  Legnaro Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"PAOLUCCI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment\u2013Entomology University of Padova  Legnaro Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"ROQUES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRA National Institute for Agricultural Research  Forest Zoology (UR 0633) Orleans France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"BATTISTI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment\u2013Entomology University of Padova  Legnaro Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helmuth","family":"HORVATH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physics, Aerosol and Environmental Physics University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocontrol.2010.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ento-120709-144844"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The urticating hairs of theraphosid spiders","volume":"2498","author":"Cooke JAL","year":"1972","journal-title":"American Museum Novitates"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S002211207000215X"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","first-page":"107","article-title":"Les \u2018miroirs\u2019 urticants de la processionnaire du pin (Thaumetopoea pityocampa Schiff","volume":"10","author":"D\u00e9molin G","year":"1963","journal-title":"Revue de Zoologie Agricole et Appliqu\u00e9e"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Scientific opinion of the Panel on Plant Health on a pest risk analysis on Thaumetopoea processionea L., the oak processionary moth, prepared by the UK and extension of its scope to the EU territory","volume":"1195","author":"EFSA, European Food Safety Authority","year":"2009","journal-title":"The EFSA Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","volume-title":"Souvenirs Entomologiques, \u00c9tudes sur L'instinct et Les Moeurs des Insectes","author":"Fabre JH","year":"1900"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2008.01423.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10453-007-9053-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1157\/13086748"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aesa\/18.2.203"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2006.00173.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-9563.2011.00552.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02338127"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8019.2009.01247.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_1","first-page":"1891","article-title":"Tallprocessionsspinnare\u2013stort h\u00e4lsoproblem p\u00e5 s\u00f6dra Gotland","volume":"106","author":"Holm G","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lakartidningen"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_18_1","first-page":"291","volume-title":"Handbook of Natural Toxins, Vol. 2. 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