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Zool."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Aquariums globally have seen significant growth in recent decades. However, persistent negligence exists concerning underwater sound pollution in aquariums and its impact on cetaceans. Here, the audiogram of Taotao, the world's first successfully captive\u2010born and bred Yangtze finless porpoise, and the underwater sound levels in the Baiji Aquarium at the Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences were examined. In contrast to the previously published U\u2010shaped audiograms of the Yangtze finless porpoise, Taotao's audiogram exhibited a W\u2010shaped pattern. Additionally, the audiogram of Taotao was, on average, 42 \u00b1 15\u00a0dB (mean \u00b1 SD) higher than that of other non\u2010aquarium\u2010born Yangtze finless porpoises in the Baiji Aquarium and 43 \u00b1 11\u00a0dB higher than that of wild Yangtze finless porpoises, particularly in the 20\u201360\u00a0kHz range and at 90\u00a0kHz. The underwater sound spectra in the Baiji Aquarium do not account for the notches observed in the porpoise's audiogram below 60\u00a0kHz, suggesting that congenital hearing disorders may be the cause of Taotao's hearing loss in these frequency bands. In contrast, the cumulative weighted broadband sound exposure levels of underwater sound within the aquarium (mean: 162\u00a0dB) exceeded the temporary threshold shift onset threshold for non\u2010impulsive noise (153\u00a0dB) and the permanent threshold shift onset threshold for impulsive noise (155\u00a0dB) in finless porpoises. The high levels of underwater sound exposure, particularly from conspecific porpoises, highlight the need for increased focus on the welfare of captive animals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1749-4877.12973","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T01:04:50Z","timestamp":1743987890000},"page":"331-342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Severe Hearing Loss in the World's First Successfully Captive\u2010Born Yangtze Finless Porpoise: Impact of High Underwater Sound Exposure and Congenital Hearing Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5734-7385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhitao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Science Ningbo University  Ningbo Zhejiang China"},{"name":"Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomonari","family":"Akamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Organization for Nano &amp; Life Innovation Waseda University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kexiong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ding","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2006.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"Procedure for Determining Audiograms in Toothed Whales Through Evoked Potential Methods. 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