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Zool."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Global climate change has heightened heat stress, threatening amphibian and reptile survival, including turtles. Although turtle species vary in heat tolerance, the molecular mechanisms behind these differences are not well understood. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to heat stress (32\u00b0C) versus normal temperature (25\u00b0C) in eight tissues (brain, heart, intestine, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, and stomach) of two turtle species:\n                    <jats:italic>Platysternon megacephalum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (low heat tolerance) and\n                    <jats:italic>Trachemys scripta elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    (high heat tolerance) using RNA\u2010seq. The results revealed significant down\u2010regulation of genes involved in energy and lipid metabolism in\n                    <jats:italic>P. megacephalum<\/jats:italic>\n                    , suggesting metabolic suppression under heat stress. Furthermore, the jumonji and AT\u2010rich interaction domain containing 2 (JARID2) gene, which regulates cell proliferation and differentiation, was up\u2010regulated in all tissues of\n                    <jats:italic>P. megacephalum<\/jats:italic>\n                    but down\u2010regulated in all tissues of\n                    <jats:italic>T. scripta elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    under heat stress. Pathway analysis revealed that protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum was significantly enriched in brain, heart, lung, and muscle tissues of\n                    <jats:italic>P. megacephalum<\/jats:italic>\n                    , with\n                    <jats:italic>BiP, CHOP<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>NEF<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>HSPs<\/jats:italic>\n                    significantly up\u2010regulated in brain tissue, highlighting this pathway's impact on heat stress response. Seven hub genes were identified in the protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway in\n                    <jats:italic>P. megacephalum<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In contrast,\n                    <jats:italic>T. scripta elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    showed a moderate response, with up\u2010regulation of ribosomal genes in the brain to enhance protein synthesis and folding, while down\u2010regulation of cell cycle genes in the intestine helped conserve energy for cellular repair. No significant pathways were found in other tissues of\n                    <jats:italic>T. scripta elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    . These molecular responses in\n                    <jats:italic>T. scripta elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    likely contribute to its better adaptation to heat stress. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of heat stress adaptation in turtles, offering valuable knowledge for understanding their ability to cope with future climate change.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1749-4877.13011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T14:23:33Z","timestamp":1752762213000},"page":"609-623","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparative Analysis of Heat Exposure\u2010Induced Molecular Changes in Two Turtle Species with Contrasting Thermal Adaptations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Jian","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and Technology Jinan University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangchun","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology Guangdong Academy of Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and Technology Jinan University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology Guangdong Academy of Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufeng","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology Guangdong Academy of Sciences  Guangzhou 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