{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:47:01Z","timestamp":1792198021262,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32260118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32260118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009110","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022D01B100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022D01B100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009110","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Integr. Zool."],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The flexibility of digestive tract morphology and the composition of gut microbiota play crucial roles in the environmental adaptation of reptiles. To evaluate the contributions of the dietary niches to the gut microbiota, we performed 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolite profiling for three sympatric lizard species\u2014\n                    <jats:italic>Teratoscincus roborowskii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Phrynocephalus axillaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Eremias roborowskii<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014and compared their goblet cell and enzyme activities of the digestive tract. The results revealed that goblet cell densities in the stomach body and pylorus were significantly higher in both\n                    <jats:italic>T. roborowskii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>E. roborowskii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which occasionally include fruit in their diets. Lipase activity was significantly higher in the insectivorous\n                    <jats:italic>P. axillaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    , while the \u03b1\u2010amylase and cellulase activities were elevated in the omnivorous\n                    <jats:italic>T. roborowskii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>E. roborowskii<\/jats:italic>\n                    . All three lizard species shared the same dominant microbiota at the phylum level. However, dietary niche differences led to\n                    <jats:italic>P. axillaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    having a higher abundance of Desulfovibrionaceae, while\n                    <jats:italic>E. roborowskii<\/jats:italic>\n                    had a significantly higher abundance of Bacteroidetes. Metabolomic profiling revealed that the metabolites involved in carbohydrate metabolism were highly upregulated in\n                    <jats:italic>E. roborowskii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , corresponding to the host's diet and metabolic pathways. Notably, a strong correlation was observed between digestive enzymes, gut microbiota, and fecal metabolites. Overall, our study suggests that the dietary niche may promote divergence or convergence of microbiota across host species, facilitating the establishment of host\u2010specific intestinal adaptation strategies. Our findings provide insights into lizard adaptation to extreme deserts from the perspectives of the gut microbiome and digestive physiology.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1749-4877.70007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T01:42:49Z","timestamp":1760406169000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Comparison of Three Sympatric Desert Lizards: Digestive Tract Structure, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Gut Microbiota, and Metabolites"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Ecological Adaptation and Evolution of Extreme Environment Biology, College of Life Sciences Xinjiang Agricultural University  Urumqi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8796-618X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Ecological Adaptation and Evolution of Extreme Environment Biology, College of Life Sciences Xinjiang Agricultural University  Urumqi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruichen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Ecological Adaptation and Evolution of Extreme Environment Biology, College of Life Sciences Xinjiang Agricultural University  Urumqi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01234-22","article-title":"Tripartite Symbiotic Digestion of Lignocellulose in the Digestive System of a Fungus\u2010Growing Termite","volume":"10","author":"Ahmad F.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiology Spectrum"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"Arzigul Y.2021. \u201cSexual Dimorphism and Geographic Variations of Morphological Characteristics ofPhrynocephalus axillaris.\u201d Master's thesis Xinjiang University."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2015.08.027","article-title":"Table Grape Consumption Reduces Adiposity and Markers of Hepatic Lipogenesis and Alters Gut Microbiota in Butter Fat\u2010Fed Mice","volume":"27","author":"Baldwin J.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2012.6","article-title":"Microbes Inside\u2014from Diversity to Function: The Case of Akkermansia","volume":"6","author":"Belzer C.","year":"2012","journal-title":"ISME Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-017-0161","article-title":"Climate Warming Reduces Gut Microbiota Diversity in a Vertebrate Ectotherm","volume":"1","author":"Bestion E.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature Ecology & Evolution"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.3390\/d5030627","article-title":"Untangling the Genetic Basis of Fibrolytic Specialization by Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae in Diverse Gut Communities","volume":"5","author":"Biddle A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diversity"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.816299","article-title":"Offering Fiber\u2010Enriched Foods Increases Fiber Intake in Adults with or Without Cardiometabolic Risk: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"9","author":"Brandl B.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Nutrition"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.03.036","article-title":"A Forward Chemical Genetic Screen Reveals Gut Microbiota Metabolites That Modulate Host Physiology","volume":"177","author":"Chen H. 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