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Zool."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We investigated the phenological variation of three genera of blood parasites of lizards (\n                    <jats:italic>Schellackia<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Karyolysus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Lankesterella<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) using samples of 275 adult\n                    <jats:italic>Psammodromus algirus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and 138\n                    <jats:italic>Acanthodactylus erythrurus<\/jats:italic>\n                    collected from April to September in 2021 and 2022. Both years experienced heatwaves, and 2022 had the warmest summer on historical record for the region. We captured lizards in two close areas that differed in vegetation quality due to differential human pressure. We found that\n                    <jats:italic>Schellackia<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Karyolysus<\/jats:italic>\n                    more frequently infected\n                    <jats:italic>P. algirus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , whereas\n                    <jats:italic>Lankesterella<\/jats:italic>\n                    infected\n                    <jats:italic>A. erythrurus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We fitted generalized additive models to explain parasite intensity, including the non\u2010linear effect of phenology sorted by sex and the linear effects of body length, body condition, host sex, heterophil\u2013lymphocyte ratio, distance to a road, and microclimate. We found a positive effect of body length on parasite intensity across parasite genera. The intensity of\n                    <jats:italic>Schellackia<\/jats:italic>\n                    was higher in female hosts, contradicting the dogma of higher male susceptibility to infections. The intensity of\n                    <jats:italic>Lankesterella<\/jats:italic>\n                    was lower closer to the road, indicating that parasite transmission success can vary at the microgeographic scale. We found a non\u2010linear significant increase of\n                    <jats:italic>Karyolysus<\/jats:italic>\n                    across the activity period, suggesting a relaxation of the antiparasitic control upon this genus toward the end of the activity period. For\n                    <jats:italic>Lankesterella<\/jats:italic>\n                    , we observed a phenological increase only in female lizards, suggesting sexual differences in immunocompetence. We found higher intensity of\n                    <jats:italic>Karyolysus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Lankesterella<\/jats:italic>\n                    in 2022, conforming to the idea that heat waves may impair lizards' immunocompetence.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1749-4877.70008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T12:05:16Z","timestamp":1761134716000},"page":"69-78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Spatial, Temporal, and Host\u2010Specificity Patterns of Three Genera of Blood Coccidian Parasites in Two Syntopic Mediterranean Lizards"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Claudia","family":"Mediavilla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biodiversity Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biological Science Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillermo","family":"Fandos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biodiversity Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biological Science Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Bl\u00e1zquez\u2010Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Parasitology Unit Universidad de Alcal\u00e1 (UAH)  Alcal\u00e1 de Henares Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Senda","family":"Reguera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Educaci\u00f3n Secundaria Don Pelayo  Los Hueros Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Barrientos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biodiversity Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biological Science Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Meg\u00eda\u2010Palma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biodiversity Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biological Science Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cz\/zoy002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-004-1212-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/Z07-052"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02419-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/15685381-bja10040"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","volume-title":"Enciclopedia Virtual de los Vertebrados Espa\u00f1oles","author":"Belliure J.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/15685381-bja10097"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","volume-title":"Model Selection and Multimodel Inference","author":"Burnham K. 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