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Zool."],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Defaunation following habitat fragmentation typically threatens predators at higher trophic levels, which further alter prey and plants via top\u2010down effects. However, few studies test if fragmented habitats (e.g., forest edges) support predators through bottom\u2010up effects. Here, we tested the effects of habitat fragmentation on multi\u2010trophic interactions involving flowering plants, pollinators, and a common predatory spider (\n                    <jats:italic>Atypus heterothecus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). We found that spider biomass was higher at the edges of large islands than in their interiors, with no significant effect of island area or isolation. Diet analysis revealed that pollinators accounted for 70% of the spider's prey. Furthermore, prey composition differed significantly between edges and interiors, with edge habitats supporting higher prey richness, as well as greater richness and abundance of flowering plants and pollinators. The higher spider biomass was primarily driven by bottom\u2010up effects, while top\u2010down effects were also present but not strong enough to suppress prey biomass. Our findings suggest that conservation strategies in fragmented landscapes could improve the ecological quality of existing edge habitats, while this should be balanced against the need to protect intact interior habitats for sensitive species. By emphasizing resource\u2010mediated trophic interactions, this study provides new insights into how ecological functions may be maintained in fragmented landscapes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1749-4877.70180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T16:16:30Z","timestamp":1790007390000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fragment Edges Benefit a Common Predator of Pollinators via Bottom\u2010Up Effects"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8102-0076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenlong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Vegetation Structure, Function and Construction (VegLab), MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6033-6188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Vegetation Structure, Function and Construction (VegLab), MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9727-3627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcel","family":"Holyoak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of California  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3568-0782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donghao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Vegetation Structure, Function and Construction (VegLab), MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0802-7596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chen","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Vegetation Structure, Function and Construction (VegLab), MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"},{"name":"Princeton School of Public and International Affairs Princeton University  Princeton New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Vegetation Structure, Function and Construction (VegLab), MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5825-0932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ping","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Vegetation Structure, Function and Construction (VegLab), MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8060-8427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingjian","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Vegetation Structure, Function and Construction (VegLab), MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2019.00452","article-title":"Bottom\u2010Up and Top\u2010Down Effects of Forest Fragmentation Differ Between Dietary Generalist and Specialist Caterpillars","volume":"7","author":"Anderson R. 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