{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T03:09:09Z","timestamp":1789441749027,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]],"date-time":"2020-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597881600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,20]],"date-time":"2019-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016\u201067017\u201024597"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\u201067017\u201024597"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016\u201068003\u201024840"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\u201068003\u201024840"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Food Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Metal oxide coated multilayered polymeric pouches provide a suitable alternative to foil\u2010based packaging for shelf\u2010stable products with extended shelf\u2010life. The barrier performance of these films depends upon the integrity of the metal oxide coating which can develop defects as a result of thermal processing and improper handling. In this work, we developed a methodology to visually identify these defects using an oxygen\u2010sensitive model gel system. Four pouches with different metal oxide coatings:\n                      <jats:bold>MOA<\/jats:bold>\n                      (Coated PET),\n                      <jats:bold>MOB<\/jats:bold>\n                      (SiO\n                      <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010coated PET),\n                      <jats:bold>MOC<\/jats:bold>\n                      (Overlayer\u2010AlO\n                      <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010Organic\u2010coated PET),\n                      <jats:bold>MOD<\/jats:bold>\n                      (Overlayer\u2010SiO\n                      <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010coated PET) were filled with water and retort\u2010processed for 30 and 40 min at 121 \u00b0C. After processing, the pouches were cut open, dried and subsequently filled with a gel containing methylene blue that changes color in the presence of oxygen. The pouches were then stored at 23 and 40 \u00b0C for 180 and 90 days, respectively. Defects were identified by observing the localized color change from yellow to blue in the packaged gel. These observations were confirmed through measurement of oxygen and water vapor transmission rates, as well as SEM and CLSM analyses. The MOC pouches showed the least change in barrier properties after thermal processing. This was due to crosslinking in the organic coating and protection provided by the overlayer. The melting enthalpy of all films increased significantly (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) after sterilization. This may increase the brittleness of the substrates after processing. Findings may be used to improve the barrier performance of metal oxide coated polymeric films intended for food packaging applications.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Practical Application<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, we developed a methylene blue\u2010based, oxygen\u2010sensitive model gel system to identify defects in metal oxide coated polymeric structures induced by thermal processing and mechanical stresses. We also performed a comprehensive analysis of these defects through CLSM and SEM. The gel system and methodology developed may be useful in the design and development of high barrier metal oxide coated films.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.14755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]],"date-time":"2019-08-21T02:24:16Z","timestamp":1566354256000},"page":"2507-2519","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Development of an Oxygen Sensitive Model Gel System to Detect Defects in Metal Oxide Coated Multilayer Polymeric Films"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Ashutos","family":"Parhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Biological Systems Engineering Washington State Univ.  P.O. Box\u2010646120 Pullman WA 99164\u20106120 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2682-2841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kanishka","family":"Bhunia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Agricultural and Food Engineering Indian Inst. of Technology  Kharagpur India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Rasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food Science Washington State Univ.  P.O. Box 64376 Pullman WA 99164\u20106376 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9449-1004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juming","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Biological Systems Engineering Washington State Univ.  P.O. Box\u2010646120 Pullman WA 99164\u20106120 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5602-3832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shyam S.","family":"Sablani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Biological Systems Engineering Washington State Univ.  P.O. Box\u2010646120 Pullman WA 99164\u20106120 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3002(62)90704-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-0987(97)00061-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2016.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifset.2016.09.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.supflu.2010.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2009.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2010.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ed040p578"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2015.11.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/app.40376"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","article-title":"A microstructural study of transparent metal oxide gas barrier \u00aelms","volume":"6","author":"Henry B. 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