{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T21:31:08Z","timestamp":1788211868768,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]],"date-time":"2022-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656979200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004489","name":"Mitacs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IT16156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT16156"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004489","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Food Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The mature canola seed comprises an embryo, a group of structures that have a high content of protein and oil, and a fibrous seed coat held together by endosperm tissues. High\u2010quality canola meal production requires removal of fiber\u2010rich seed hull that typically contributes little nutrient value. Canola hull accounts for more than 70.0% of the insoluble fiber within the seed, which limits its uses as feed. Dehulling canola seed, before oil extraction, increases the protein content and decreases fiber content in the meal, to up to 50.0% and to down to 10.0%, respectively. Due to the complexity in dehulling canola seeds, several methods have been explored by the canola processing industry. However, little research has been conducted in analyzing the effects that mechanical dehulling methods have on seeds. In this study, we conducted mechanical tests to characterize seed behavior and hull fracture under uncoupled stresses such as compression and shear;stresses generated by the common dehulling equipment used in the industry, such as mills. All tests were carried out on single seeds at different moisture contents, from 5.00% to 25.0% wet mass basis (w.b.). Over a range of moisture contents studied, shear loading mode limited deformation of embryos in comparison to compression loading. Additionally, hardness tests were performed with a nano\u2010indenter machine to determine seed hull properties. The overall results from these experiments provided information used to construct a computational model that represents canola seed deformation under compression stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.16243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T00:24:15Z","timestamp":1657067055000},"page":"3472-3481","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Mechanical stress on canola seed during dehulling"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"87","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9976-2907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edgar E.","family":"Martinez\u2010Soberanes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Sciences University of Saskatchewan  Saskatoon Canada"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Saskatchewan  Saskatoon Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4052-3087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah K.","family":"Purdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Sciences University of Saskatchewan  Saskatoon Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin J. T.","family":"Reaney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Sciences University of Saskatchewan  Saskatoon Canada"},{"name":"Prairie Tide Diversified Inc.  Saskatoon Canada"},{"name":"Guangdong Saskatchewan Oilseed Joint Laboratory Department of Food Science and Engineering Jinan University  Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. J.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Saskatchewan  Saskatoon Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","article-title":"Moisture measurement\u2014unground grain and seeds","volume":"352","author":"ASAE","year":"1998","journal-title":"ASAE standards"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.113.111740"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"Canola Council of Canada. (2013).Keep it Coming 2025 The Strategy."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/ocl\/2016013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13031\/2013.28726"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Theoretical stress model of rapeseed","volume":"21","author":"Davison E.","year":"1979","journal-title":"Canadian Agricultural Engineering"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"50","article-title":"Mechanical properties of rapeseed","volume":"17","author":"Davison E.","year":"1975","journal-title":"Canadian Agricultural Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1748\u20100132(06)70077\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2017.01.008"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"27","article-title":"Grain conditioning for dehulling of canola","volume":"42","author":"Ikebudu J. 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(2015).ISO 14577\u20101 Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"137","article-title":"Physical and mechanical properties of rapeseed at different moisture content","volume":"23","author":"Izli N.","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Agrophysics"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2013.822883"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00039420400005018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/004057369204800408"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13031\/2013.11062"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/ijfe\u20102014\u20100066"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1557\/JMR.1992.1564"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystemseng.2012.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-3912-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2009.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","unstructured":"FAO WHO UNO (1985).Energy and protein requirements. 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