{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T18:43:08Z","timestamp":1785523388253,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32272313"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32272313"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31801483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31801483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Food Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>L\u2010alpha\u2010glycerylphosphorylcholine (L\u2010\u03b1\u2010GPC), commonly referred to as glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC) or choline alfoscerate, is a choline\u2010containing compound widely found in nature, predominantly in its L configuration. Due to its high choline content (41% by weight) and ability to cross the blood\u2013brain barrier, GPC is considered one of the most utilized sources of choline. GPC, as a cholinergic compound with diverse applications across food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries,\u00a0faces limitations due to its restricted natural availability.\u00a0This review aims to bridge this gap by providing a comprehensive summary of the latest preparation techniques of GPC for food scientists, pharmacists, and the food and pharmaceutical industries. The review also highlights recent bioactivity evaluation results of GPC in animal models and human clinical tests, with a focus on cognitive dysfunction, cardiometabolic disorders, anti\u2010aging, and ergogenic effects. Finally, the review identifies existing knowledge gaps and proposes new research areas to promote the development of high value\u2010added and health\u2010promoting products containing GPC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.70338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T23:25:16Z","timestamp":1750807516000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["L\u2010Alpha\u2010Glycerylphosphorylcholine (L\u2010\u03b1\u2010GPC): A Comprehensive Review of Its Preparation Techniques and Versatile Biological Effects"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Junhua","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan University  Wuxi Jiangsu People's Republic of China"},{"name":"School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University  Wuxi Jiangsu People's Republic of 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