{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T15:41:01Z","timestamp":1782920461113,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Food Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The dysfunction of the immune system can make the host susceptible to various diseases, and the consumption of immunomodulating agents can be an effective way to control immune responses. Phosphopeptides derived from egg yolk phosvitin exert various beneficial effects. This study investigated the immunomodulatory effect of egg yolk\u2010derived phosvitin phosphopeptides (PPPs) on forced swimming\u2010induced immune dysfunction in BALB\/c mice. PPPs were prepared by high\u2010temperature and mild\u2010pressure (HTMP) pretreatment and enzyme hydrolysis combinations. PPPs, HTMP (HTMP pretreatment alone), and HTMP\u2010TM (HTMP pretreatment\u2010trypsin + thermolysin hydrolysis) (200\u00a0mg\/kg body weight\/d) were administered orally to mice for 14 days before the final forced swimming of 10.5\u00a0min. PPPs resulted in a significant decrease in splenic T\u2010 and B\u2010lymphocyte proliferation in mice with immune alterations induced by high\u2010intensity exercise. The administration of PPPs enhanced the natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity in forced swimming\u2010induced mice. Also, PPPs exerted potent immunomodulatory effects by regulating the levels of cytokines (interferon IFN\u2010\u03b3, interleukin IL\u20102, IL\u20104, IL\u20106, and IL\u201010), serum immunoglobulins (IgA, IgE, and IgG), and nitric oxide (NO) in the splenocytes of BALB\/c mice. These results suggest that PPPs have the potential to be developed as immunomodulatory components in the food and pharmaceutical industries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.70421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T13:11:53Z","timestamp":1752844313000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Immunomodulatory Effect of Phosvitin Phosphopeptides on Forced Swimming\u2010Induced Immune Dysfunction in BALB\/c Mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Ji\u2010Eun","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources Konkuk University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunjung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition Kyungnam 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