{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T14:21:53Z","timestamp":1773930113358,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Food Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Metagenomics allows a comprehensive insight into the spoilage\u2010associated muscle microbiome shifts in the air\u2010packed and vacuum\u2010packed Indian mackerel. This study explored the microbial composition and diversity of spoilage flora in air\u2010packed (T1M, T2M, and T3M) and vacuum\u2010packed (T4M, T5M, and T6M) Indian mackerel (\n                      <jats:italic>Rastrelliger kanagurta<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) stored at 0 \u00b1 2\u00b0C (iced), 5 \u00b1 2\u00b0C (chilled), and 30 \u00b1 2\u00b0C (abused) temperatures through metagenomics, targeting the V1\u2010V9 region of 16s rRNA. Total Volatile Base Nitrogen and Thiobarbituric Acid were analyzed to confirm the spoilage threshold limit, and accordingly, the fish muscle tissue on the spoilage day was selected for microbiome analysis. Metagenomic analysis revealed distinct variation in the relative abundance and spoilage microbiome between the air\u2010packed and vacuum\u2010packed Indian mackerel stored at iced, chilled, and abused temperatures. The predominant bacterial species responsible for spoilage were\n                      <jats:italic>Cetobacterium ceti<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Clostridium polyendosporum<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Gilliamella apicola<\/jats:italic>\n                      in vacuum\u2010packed mackerel, whereas\n                      <jats:italic>Shewanella arctica, S. aquimarina, S. baltica, Staphylococcus xylosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Burkholderia cepacia<\/jats:italic>\n                      played a major role in the spoilage of air\u2010packed samples. The observed bacterial population dynamics across different temperatures and packaging significantly influenced the microbiome diversity in Indian mackerel. Summing up, this study emphasizes the unique and diverse microbes contributing to spoilage and provides a valuable guide for the flora that need to be controlled for extending the shelf life of Indian mackerel.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.70751","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T09:12:37Z","timestamp":1764925957000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Muscle Microbiome Analysis of Indian Mackerel (\n                    <i>Rastrelliger kanagurta<\/i>\n                    ) Delineated Classical and Novel Spoilage Bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Rajan","family":"Preenanka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR\u2010Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (ICAR\u2010CIFT), Matsyapuri Willingdon Island  Kochi Kerala India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Visnuvinayagam","family":"Sivam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR\u2010Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (ICAR\u2010CIFT), Matsyapuri Willingdon Island  Kochi Kerala India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6858-1823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Remya","family":"Sasikala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fish Processing Division ICAR\u2010CIFT, Matsyapuri, Willingdon Island  Kochi Kerala India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reshmi","family":"Koombankallil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR\u2010Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (ICAR\u2010CIFT), Matsyapuri Willingdon Island  Kochi Kerala India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karthika","family":"Raveendran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR\u2010Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (ICAR\u2010CIFT), Matsyapuri Willingdon Island  Kochi Kerala India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerin","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR\u2010Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (ICAR\u2010CIFT), Matsyapuri Willingdon Island  Kochi Kerala India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ammu Lakshmi","family":"Devadas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR\u2010Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (ICAR\u2010CIFT), Matsyapuri Willingdon Island  Kochi Kerala India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neethu Koothuparambu","family":"Ravikumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR\u2010Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (ICAR\u2010CIFT), Matsyapuri Willingdon Island  Kochi Kerala India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muthukumar","family":"Anbalakan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR\u2010Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (ICAR\u2010CIFT), Matsyapuri Willingdon Island  Kochi Kerala India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Himabindu","family":"Chigilipalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Visakhapatnam Research Centre of ICAR\u2010CIFT Ocean View Layout, Pandurangapuram, Andhra University P.O. 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