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TBSP5 exhibited higher purity than theabrownins obtained via conventional organic solvent extraction (TBSE) while it retained comparable structural characteristics. Both TBSP5 and TBSE showed substantial stability under simulated upper gastrointestinal digestion, undergoing only limited hydrolysis before reaching the colon. Subsequent in vitro anaerobic fermentation showed that, compared with TBSE, TBSP5 more effectively promoted the production of short\u2010chain\u00a0fatty acids, particularly acetic and propionic acids. This microbial response was accompanied by a significant increase in the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, particularly\n                      <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium longum<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>B. pseudocatenulatum<\/jats:italic>\n                      . These findings establish a novel green preparation strategy for theabrownins and support the prebiotic potential of theabrownins for modulating gut microbiota composition.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Practical Applications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The macroporous resin purification method developed in this study offers a green, efficient and scalable approach for producing high\u2010purity theabrownin fractions \u2013 TBSP5 (&gt;100 kDa) from fermented summer green tea. The TBSP5 fraction exhibits promising prebiotic potential by selectively enriching beneficial Bifidobacterium species and promoting short\u2010chain fatty acid production, supporting its potential application as a functional food ingredient or dietary supplement for gut health promotion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.71314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T06:21:15Z","timestamp":1784874075000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Structural Characterization and Gut Microbiota Modulation of Theabrownins Prepared by Macroporous Resin AB\u20108 Combined With Ultrafiltration Fractionation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1161-6929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongjun","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and 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