{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T05:17:49Z","timestamp":1787980669804,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Food Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Panax notoginseng<\/jats:italic>\n                      is a medicinal herb with significant antithrombotic activity. Its therapeutic effect is mainly dependent on saponins. Traditional hot air drying (HAD) is easy to cause thermal degradation of active saponins, while vacuum freeze\u2010drying (VFD) lacks multi\u2010dimensional comparative studies to support its processing advantages. This study comprehensively compared the chemical characteristics, antithrombotic efficacy in vivo, and serum metabolic characteristics of\n                      <jats:italic>Panax notoginseng<\/jats:italic>\n                      processed by VFD and HAD, to provide an experimental basis for the rational application of VFD in the production of high\u2010value functional food raw materials. Fresh\n                      <jats:italic>Panax notoginseng<\/jats:italic>\n                      was treated with VFD and HAD, respectively. The UHPLC\u2010LTQ\u2010Orbitrap MS non\u2010targeted metabolomics method was used to screen differential phytochemicals. A carrageenan\u2010induced mouse tail vein thrombosis model was established, and the length of thrombus, coagulation parameters, and serum inflammatory factors were detected. Ultra\u2010high\u2010performance liquid chromatography\u2010quadrupole time\u2010of\u2010flight mass spectrometry serum metabolomics combined with KEGG pathway enrichment was used to analyze related metabolic pathways. A total of 201 differential components were screened (VIP &gt; 1, FDR (false discovery rate) &lt; 0.05), among which 73 were unique to VFD and 18 to HAD. Of the 44 identified components, 36 saponins\u2014including ginsenosides Rb1, Rg1, Rd, and Re\u2014were significantly enriched in VFD (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05 or\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01). VFD exhibited superior antithrombotic, anticoagulant, and anti\u2010inflammatory effects over HAD at equivalent doses (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Metabolomics revealed that both drying groups shared glycerophospholipid and retinol metabolism, whereas only VFD regulated sphingolipid metabolism (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01). In conclusion, VFD retained more saponins and engaged broader metabolic pathways, correlating with enhanced antithrombotic activity compared with HAD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.71375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T06:46:23Z","timestamp":1787208383000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Vacuum Freeze\u2010Drying and Traditional Hot\u2010Air Drying on Chemical Composition and Antithrombotic Mechanism of\n                    <i>Panax notoginseng<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Yin","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority, Medicine Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine  Nanchang China"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine  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