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This study evaluated a solar\u2010assisted zigzag\u2010airflow dryer (SAZA) for stabilizing henna leaves under arid\u2010region conditions in Aswan, Egypt. Drying experiments were conducted using two airflow rates (0.09 and 0.14 m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/s), three loading layer thicknesses (2, 4, and 6\u00a0cm), and four fixed tray positions. The initial moisture content of henna leaves was 168.1% dry basis (d.b.), which decreased to below 6% d.b. under all tested conditions. Increasing the airflow rate and reducing layer thickness markedly shortened drying time, with the fastest drying achieved at 0.14 m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/s, 2\u2010cm layer thickness, and Tray 1, requiring approximately 10\u00a0h. In contrast, 0.09 m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/s, 6\u2010cm layer thickness, and Tray 4 required about 26\u00a0h. Apparent effective moisture diffusivity ranged from 1.76 \u00d7 10\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:sup>8<\/jats:sup>\n                      to 7.12 \u00d7 10\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:sup>8<\/jats:sup>\n                      m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/s, reflecting the combined effects of airflow rate, layer thickness, tray position, and model assumptions. Among the tested models, the Modified Midilli II model provided the best fit to the experimental drying data. Quality assessment showed that higher airflow and thinner layers improved lawsone retention, reduced water activity, and minimized total color difference. Economic analysis confirmed the feasibility of the dryer, with payback periods ranging from 0.70 to 1.85 years. Overall, the proposed zigzag\u2010airflow solar dryer provides an effective and economically viable approach for postharvest stabilization of henna leaves in arid regions, particularly when balancing drying performance, tray\u2010wise quality retention, and production cost.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.71389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T11:25:01Z","timestamp":1787397901000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Improving Postharvest Stabilization of Henna Leaves Using a Solar\u2010Assisted Zigzag\u2010Airflow Dryer: Drying Kinetics, Quality Attributes, and Economic Feasibility"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"A. 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