{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T16:09:48Z","timestamp":1785168588260,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1397952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Digest Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To prospectively compare norfloxacin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>) with trimethoprim\u2010sulfamethoxazole (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>) in preventing infection in cirrhotic patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cirrhotic patients at high risk of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content>) were recruited and assigned <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content> (400\u2009mg daily) or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content> (160\/800\u2009mg daily). Patients were followed up for 12 months. The primary end\u2010point was the incidence of infection. Secondary end\u2010points included the incidence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content>, bacteremia, extraperitoneal infection requiring antibiotic treatment, liver transplantation, death, side effects and rate of resistance to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 80 patients with a mean age of 53.0\u2009\u00b1\u20099.3 years were prescribed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200940) or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200940). Child\u2013Pugh status, model for end\u2010stage liver disease and risk factors for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content> were similar between the groups. There were 10 episodes of infections in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content> group and 9 in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content> group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.79). Two patients each in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content> group developed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.60). There was a difference in the rate of transplantation favoring <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03) but not death. The number of adverse events for N (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20097) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910) were similar (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.59), with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content> being associated with an increased risk of developing a definite or probable adverse event compared to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content> (22.5% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 0%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study failed to demonstrate a difference between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content> groups in their effects on preventing infection in patients with liver cirrhosis. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content> can be considered an alternative first\u2010line therapy for infection prophylaxis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.12132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,12]],"date-time":"2014-02-12T12:49:54Z","timestamp":1392209394000},"page":"260-267","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["A randomized controlled study of trimethoprim\u2010sulfamethoxazole <i>versus<\/i> norfloxacin for the prevention of infection in cirrhotic 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