{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T03:35:16Z","timestamp":1768275316233,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,3]],"date-time":"2014-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Malaysian Society of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Digest Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To develop and validate a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>andarin version of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<\/jats:styled-content>eeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire (M\u2010LDQ) in Asian patients with dyspepsia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The M\u2010LDQ was developed according to standardized methods. The validity, internal consistency, test\u2013retest reliability and responsiveness of the instrument were evaluated in both primary and secondary care patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 184 patients (mean age 54.0\u2009\u00b1\u200915.8 years, of whom 59% were women and 72.3% of whom had at least secondary level education) were recruited between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ugust 2012 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>arch 2013, from both primary (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009100) and secondary care clinics (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200984). Both the internal consistency of all components of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDQ<\/jats:styled-content> (Cronbach's \u03b1 0.79) and test\u2013retest reliability (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>pearman's correlation coefficient 0.78) were good. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDQ<\/jats:styled-content> was valid in diagnosing dyspepsia in primary care (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve 0.84) and was able to discriminate between secondary and primary care patients (median cumulative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDQ<\/jats:styled-content> score 13.0 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 3.0, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Among eight patients with organic dyspepsia, the median <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDQ<\/jats:styled-content> score reduced significantly from 21.0 (pretreatment) to 9.5 (4 weeks post\u2010treatment) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The M\u2010LDQ is a valid and responsive instrument for assessing ethnic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>hinese adults with dyspepsia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.12183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,20]],"date-time":"2014-08-20T04:52:56Z","timestamp":1408510376000},"page":"591-596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Mandarin version of the Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire: A valid instrument for assessing symptoms in <scp>A<\/scp>sians"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Hwong\u2010Ruey","family":"Leow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine University of Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siew\u2010Mooi","family":"Ching","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramanujam","family":"Sujarita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care Medicine University of Malaya Primary Care Research Group Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Choon\u2010Fong","family":"Yap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute Faculty of Health Sciences Curtin University  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yook\u2010Chin","family":"Chia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care Medicine University of Malaya Primary Care Research Group Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"},{"name":"Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute Faculty of Health Sciences Curtin University  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiaw\u2010Hooi","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine University of Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suresh","family":"Sithambaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine University of Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huck\u2010Joo","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sunway Medical Centre  Selangor Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khean\u2010Lee","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine University of Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanjiv","family":"Mahadeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine University of Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i17.2661"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-007-9842-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04270.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2002.01377.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"1082","article-title":"The link between psychosocial factors and functional dyspepsia: an epidemiological study","volume":"115","author":"Li Y","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520510012190"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-012-2256-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04376.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2012.18.1.43"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12443"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.40122.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1998.00404.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2011.06806.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","unstructured":"Department of Statistics Malaysia.Population distribution and basic demographic characteristics. The 2000 Population and Housing Census of Malaysia. Putrajaya: Department of Statistics2000."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0470846283"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2011.07037.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02455.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2011.01746.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2002.02713.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.50.suppl_4.iv17"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03233.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","first-page":"495","article-title":"A validated dyspepsia symptom score","volume":"29","author":"Buckley MJ","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","first-page":"106","article-title":"Validation of seven graded diary cards for severity of dyspeptic symptoms in patients with non ulcer dyspepsia","volume":"583","author":"Junghard O","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005558204440"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05419.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521003592663"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31815591f7"}],"container-title":["Journal of Digestive Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2F1751-2980.12183","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1751-2980.12183","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T14:51:45Z","timestamp":1696344705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1751-2980.12183"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1751-2980.12183"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1751-2980.12183","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1751-2972","1751-2980"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1751-2972","type":"print"},{"value":"1751-2980","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-11-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}