{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T11:58:46Z","timestamp":1792756726924,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,28]],"date-time":"2015-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Digest Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UGIB<\/jats:styled-content>) in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAP<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Altogether 101 patients were admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Medical Military Hospital from<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>uly 2006 to<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>une 2010 due to SAP. Their prevalence and risk factors of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UGIB<\/jats:styled-content>were retrospectively analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 18 (17.8%) patients developed<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UGIB<\/jats:styled-content>and 13 received endoscopic examination, which yielded six cases of acute gastric mucosal lesions (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AGML<\/jats:styled-content>), five of peptic ulcers (PU) and two of pancreatic necrotic tissue invading the duodenal bulb and presenting as multilesion, honeycomb\u2010like ulcer. The mortality rate of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UGIB<\/jats:styled-content>patients was much higher than that of non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UGIB<\/jats:styled-content>patients (44.4%<jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>10.8%,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0021). Univariate analysis revealed that the risk factors for<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UGIB<\/jats:styled-content>included the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content>(<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APACHE II<\/jats:styled-content>) score, computed tomography severity index (CTSI), Ranson score, arterial blood<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pH<\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>, serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations, platelet count, shock, sepsis and organ failure, mechanical ventilation, heparinized continuous renal replacement therapy and total parenteral nutrition. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APACHE II<\/jats:styled-content>score and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTSI<\/jats:styled-content>were significant risk factors while<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>was the protective factor for UGIB in SAP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UGIB<\/jats:styled-content>is a common complication with poor prognosis due mainly to PU and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AGML<\/jats:styled-content>. Patients having SAP with high<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APACHE II<\/jats:styled-content>scores and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTSI<\/jats:styled-content>or low<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>should be considered to be at high risk for<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UGIB<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.12206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,27]],"date-time":"2014-10-27T04:44:22Z","timestamp":1414385062000},"page":"37-42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Prevalence and risk factors for clinically significant upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with severe acute pancreatitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xian Bao","family":"Zhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao Rong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhao Shen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00856.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mcg.0000225638.37533.8c"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"275","article-title":"Gastrointestinal mucosal lesions in patients with acute pancreatitis","volume":"65","author":"Lin CK","year":"2002","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"274","article-title":"Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in acute pancreatitis","volume":"14","author":"Bonebrake RG","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"UK guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis","volume":"54","author":"Working Party of the British Society of Gastroenterology; 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