{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T10:33:34Z","timestamp":1761129214288},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,16]],"date-time":"2015-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1437004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":45,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Digest Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"Objective<\/jats:title>Fecal incontinence (FI<\/jats:styled-content>) occurs in up to 20% of diabetes mellitus (DM<\/jats:styled-content>) patients. Rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR<\/jats:styled-content>) is an enteric anorectal reflex that reflects the integrity of mechanisms in the physiology of FI<\/jats:styled-content>. We aimed to investigate whether diabetic patients with FI<\/jats:styled-content>, not constipation, had prolongation of RAIR<\/jats:styled-content> and altered gut\u2010specific autonomic tone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>In this prospective case\u2010matched study 31 type I DM<\/jats:styled-content> (19 FI<\/jats:styled-content> and 12 constipation) and 42 type II DM<\/jats:styled-content> (26 FI<\/jats:styled-content> and 16 constipation). Another 21 participants were included as controls. Patients underwent the following assessments: cardiovagal autonomic tone (Modified Mayo Clinic composite autonomic severity score), rectal mucosal blood flow (RMBF<\/jats:styled-content>) (assessment of gut\u2010specific autonomic tone) and RAIR<\/jats:styled-content>. Three phases of RAIR<\/jats:styled-content> and the amplitude of maximal reflex relaxation were compared between groups. All participants completed symptom scores for FI<\/jats:styled-content> and constipation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>RAIR<\/jats:styled-content> recovery time back to resting pressure was slower in diabetic patients with FI<\/jats:styled-content> than controls (8.7\u2009s vs<\/jats:italic> 3.6 s, P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.05) and was an independent variable correlating with symptoms of FI (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.05). RAIR<\/jats:styled-content> recovery time was correlated with RMBF<\/jats:styled-content> (r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.58, P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>RAIR<\/jats:styled-content> is correlated with anorectal symptoms of FI and was associated with gut\u2010specific autonomic neuropathy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.12244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,12]],"date-time":"2015-03-12T06:15:53Z","timestamp":1426140953000},"page":"342-349","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Gut symptoms in diabetics correlate with components of the rectoanal inhibitory reflex, but not with pudendal nerve motor latencies or systemic autonomic neuropathy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Kumaran","family":"Thiruppathy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology Unit Department of 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