{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:14:13Z","timestamp":1740147253315,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,19]],"date-time":"2018-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Digest Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eradication of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection decreases the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but a risk remains. We aimed to investigate HCC development\u2010associated factors in CHC patients with sustained virological response (SVR) after antiviral therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>We compared CHC patients achieving SVR from 1996\u20132016 who did and did not develop HCC. Their median follow\u2010up period was 8.01\u2009years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with 164 non\u2010HCC SVR patients, 22 who developed HCC were older at SVR (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.032), had a higher incidence of diabetes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.013) and higher pre\u2010antiviral treatment alpha\u2010fetoprotein (AFP) levels (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016), more had fibrosis stage 3 and cirrhosis (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0009) and hepatitis B core antibody (anti\u2010HBc) positivity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006). Eight and seven of 22 patients, respectively, developed HCC at 4\u201310\u2009years and 10\u2009years after SVR. The longest duration from SVR to HCC was 18.7\u2009years. Independent factors associated with HCC development were anti\u2010HBc positivity (hazard ratio [HR] 5.57, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012), age at SVR (HR 1.08, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014), higher pre\u2010antiviral treatment AFP levels (HR 1.01, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01) and Hispanic ethnicity (HR 12.9, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). HCC risk was significantly less in genotype 2 patients (HR 0.2, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02) or in those with higher pre\u2010antiviral treatment albumin levels (HR 0.33, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The risk for HCC exists in a subset of CHC patients after SVR and may occur up to 18\u2009years after viral clearance. Indefinite HCC surveillance is necessary in SVR patients with other risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.12615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,11]],"date-time":"2018-06-11T12:41:16Z","timestamp":1528720876000},"page":"411-420","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Late development of hepatocellular carcinoma after viral clearance in patients with chronic hepatitis C: A need for continual surveillance"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Myron J","family":"Tong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Center Huntington Medical Research Institutes  Pasadena California USA"},{"name":"Pfleger Liver Institute and the Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmem F","family":"Theodoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Federal Dos Servidores do Estado  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2992-6486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca T","family":"Salvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Center Huntington Medical Research Institutes  Pasadena California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29210"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","unstructured":"HowladerN NooneAM KrapchoM eds.SEER Cancer Statistics Review 1975\u20132011. Cited: Sept 2016. Available from URL:http:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/csr\/1975_2011\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29685"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(16)30181-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.47.1.131"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.020263"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21176"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1997.v112.pm9024300"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1001683"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2009.10.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-158-5-201303050-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2005.03800.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2004.0956.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-004-1519-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit234"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-013-0921-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.144878"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.12.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28535"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24199"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27950"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12915"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26442"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw362"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1047"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(16)01726-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(85)90324-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.12.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2009.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13621"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12222"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6602333"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25321"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004311"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000071458"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.01912.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.12578"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2016.02.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22870"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199306243282501"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.09.014"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","first-page":"280A","article-title":"The risk for hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with chronic HCV infection and advanced hepatic fibrosis following sustained virological response","volume":"58","author":"Van der Meer AJ","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840190629"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13236"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-011-0505-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","first-page":"43","article-title":"Decrease of alpha\u2010fetoprotein in patients with cirrhosis treated with direct\u2010acting antivirals","volume":"5","author":"Nguyen K","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Transl Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.02.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2012.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.6731"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.12.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2009.01181.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Digestive Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2F1751-2980.12615","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1751-2980.12615","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T09:23:51Z","timestamp":1694942631000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1751-2980.12615"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1751-2980.12615"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1751-2980.12615","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1751-2972","1751-2980"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1751-2972"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1751-2980"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-02-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-06-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-07-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}