{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T02:49:36Z","timestamp":1784256576909,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,23]],"date-time":"2018-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Digest Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title><jats:p>Epidemiological studies on pediatric\u2010onset inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) are scarce in South\u2013East Asia (SEA). This study aimed to evaluate the incidence trend and clinical characteristics of PIBD in a SEA cohort in Singapore over 22 years (1994\u20132015).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case records of PIBD \u226418 years from the only two tertiary pediatric hospitals in Singapore were reviewed. The mean annual incidence (MAI) of PIBD was calculated based on Singapore's age\u2010specific population data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall MAI of PIBD was 1.26 per 100\u2009000 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56\u20131.96). During the first decade (1994\u20102004) MAI was 0.23 per 100\u2009000 (95% CI 0.08\u20130.39); this rose almost 10\u2010fold to 2.28 per 100\u2009000 (95% CI 1.15\u20133.41) during the second decade (2005\u20132015). Linear regression analysis showed significant increase in MAI over the 22\u2010year period (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.826, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090001). Of the 228 patients, 61.0% had Crohn's disease (CD), 30.3% ulcerative colitis and 8.7% IBD\u2010unclassified, with a mdian age at diagnosis of 10.47\u2009years and a male predominance (58.3%); 37.7% of them aged &lt;10 years at diagnosis and 17.5% were very early\u2010onset IBD. In CD, 27.3% had stricturing and\/or penetrating disease and 21.6% were with perianal disease. Indians had a disproportionately high representation while positive family history was rare (1.3%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although PIBD is uncommon in Singapore, its incidence has risen dramatically over recent decades. A younger age of disease onset and higher proportions of perianal and stricturing\/penetrating diseases suggest more aggressive disease than in Western data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.12641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,21]],"date-time":"2018-06-21T10:28:20Z","timestamp":1529576900000},"page":"395-403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Rapid rise in the incidence and clinical characteristics of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in a South\u2013East Asian cohort in Singapore, 1994\u20132015"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6543-4334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina","family":"Ong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics KK Women's and Children's Hospital  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion M","family":"Aw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore, Khoo Teck Puat\u2010National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria J","family":"Liwanag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics KK Women's and Children's Hospital  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seng H","family":"Quak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore, Khoo Teck Puat\u2010National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kong B","family":"Phua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics KK Women's and Children's Hospital  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","author":"Mendeloff AL","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S9","DOI":"10.1097\/00054725-200810001-00005","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel disease: the difference between children and adults","volume":"14","author":"Kelsen J","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21349"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MPG.0000162479.74277.86"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001688"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.413"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-199105000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181596efd"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01124.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000313"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2007.07.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5217\/ir.2016.14.2.111"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","unstructured":"Department of Statistics Singapore.Population Trends2017. 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