{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T15:45:56Z","timestamp":1790005556765,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]],"date-time":"2023-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":100,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Digest Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation (PENFS) has documented efficacy for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) via plausible vagal neuromodulation effects. The vagus nerve may affect gut microbiome composition via brain\u2013gut\u2013microbiome signaling. We aimed to investigate gut microbiome alterations by PENFS therapy in adolescent IBS patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective study of females with IBS aged 11\u201318\u2009years receiving PENFS therapy for 4\u2009weeks with pre\u2010 and post\u2010intervention stool sampling was conducted. Outcome surveys completed pre\u2010therapy, weekly, and post\u2010therapy included IBS\u2010Severity Scoring System (IBS\u2010SSS), Visceral Sensitivity Index (VSI), Functional Disability Inventory (FDI), and the global symptom response scale (SRS). Bacterial DNA was extracted from stool samples followed by 16S rRNA amplification and sequencing. QIIME 2 (version 2022.2) was used for analyses of \u03b1 and \u03b2 diversity and differential abundance by group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty females aged 15.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.62\u2009years were included. IBS\u2010SSS, VSI, and FDI scores decreased significantly after PENFS therapy (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0003,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0004, respectively). No intra\u2010 or interindividual microbiome changes were noted pre\u2010 versus post\u2010therapy or between responders and non\u2010responders. When response was defined by 50\u2010point IBS\u2010SSS score reduction, \u03b1 diversity was higher in responders compared with non\u2010responders at week 4 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.033). There was higher abundance of\n                      <jats:italic>Blautia<\/jats:italic>\n                      in excellent responders versus non\u2010responders.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were no substantial microbial diversity alterations with PENFS. Subjects with excellent therapeutic response showed an enrichment of relative abundance of\n                      <jats:italic>Blautia<\/jats:italic>\n                      , which may indicate that patients with specific microbial signature have a more favorable response to PENFS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.13203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]],"date-time":"2023-07-14T02:44:21Z","timestamp":1689302661000},"page":"348-358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Impact of auricular percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation on gut microbiome in adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome: A pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Geetanjali","family":"Bora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of 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