{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T12:29:29Z","timestamp":1788870569960,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":83,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Digest Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The application of rifaximin, a non\u2010absorbable antibiotic, in hepatic encephalopathy (HE) has been well established; however, its effect on other complications in cirrhotic patients with previous gastroesophageal variceal bleeding (GEVB) remains unclear. Therefore, we performed a pilot randomized controlled trial aiming to evaluate the impact of rifaximin on cirrhosis\u2010related complications and changes in gastric microbiota.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty cirrhotic patients who received prophylactic endoscopic treatment for variceal rebleeding were randomly assigned to the control or rifaximin treatment group (rifaximin 400 mg twice daily for 8\u2009weeks). Primary outcome was the total liver\u2010related score, consisting of changes in cirrhosis\u2010related complications including rebleeding, ascites, HE and portal vein thrombosis (PVT). The 16S rDNA sequencing analysis was conducted with gastric lavage fluid samples for the analysis of gastric microbiota.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the 8\u2010week follow\u2010up, the total liver\u2010related score decreased significantly upon rifaximin therapy (\u22120.35 \u00b1\u20090.14 vs 0.05\u2009\u00b1\u20090.14, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0465) as well as serum C\u2010reactive protein (CRP) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.019) and interleukin\u20108 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.025) compared with the control group. The rate of PVT recanalization was significantly higher in the rifaximin group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012). Prominent difference in gastric microbiota between the two groups was observed, and the rifaximin group had a higher abundance of several taxa which were dysregulated in the progression of cirrhosis. CRP was correlated with several taxa including Alphaproteobacteria, Rhizobiales and Collinsella.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rifaximin may improve cirrhosis\u2010related complications, including PVT, in patients with previous GEVB through anti\u2010inflammatory and microbiota\u2010modulating functions. Trial registration number: NCT02991612.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.13314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T00:57:11Z","timestamp":1729731431000},"page":"504-516","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Impact of rifaximin on cirrhosis complications and gastric microbiota in patients with gastroesophageal variceal bleeding: A pilot randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Xiao Quan","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Center of Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying Jie","family":"Ai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3529-9626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si Tao","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia Hao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu Li","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0873-9198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shi Yao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Center of Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Endoscopy 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