{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T17:49:18Z","timestamp":1775584158608,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11-12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,26]],"date-time":"2025-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":86,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Digest Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the correlation between gastric xanthoma (GX) and precancerous lesions (PCL) and gastric cancer (GC), and to explore other potential risk factors for PCL and GC in northwest China.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A case\u2013control study was conducted from September 2022 to September 2023 at Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China). The patients who underwent gastroscopy were enrolled and divided into the chronic gastritis (CG) group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009423), PCL group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009422), and GC group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009415). The variables were selected through univariate analysis, including demographic information, dietary habits, lifestyle, gastroscopic findings, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>) infection. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the factors associated with PCL and GC, and odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>GX was more prevalent in the PCL group (14.93%) and the GC group (19.76%) than in the CG group (6.15%). Multivariate analysis revealed that age \u2265\u200950\u2009years, male gender, rural residence, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> infection, family history of GC, GX, and hypertension were independent risk factors for GC and PCL. Furthermore, a diet high in salt and spice, coupled with daily intake of less than 100\u2009g of fresh fruits, might be associated with the occurrence of GC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Age \u2265\u200950\u2009years, male gender, rural residence, family history of GC and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> infection, presence of GX, and a history of hypertension may be risk factors for PCL and GC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.13326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T07:53:35Z","timestamp":1737964415000},"page":"674-684","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Analysis of Risk Factors for Gastric Cancer and Precancerous Lesions: A Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Meng Jie","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University  Xi'an, Shaanxi Province China"},{"name":"Graduate Department, Xi'an Medical University  Xi'an, Shaanxi Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Song Bo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University  Xi'an, Shaanxi Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao Jing","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University  Xi'an, Shaanxi Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li Feng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University  Xi'an, Shaanxi Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3004-2634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University  Xi'an, Shaanxi Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9515-7577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong Quan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University  Xi'an, Shaanxi Province China"},{"name":"Graduate Department, Xi'an Medical University  Xi'an, Shaanxi Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"212","article-title":"Cancer Statistics in China, 2016","volume":"45","author":"Zhen R. 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