{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:40:01Z","timestamp":1790401201982,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,30]],"date-time":"2019-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000270","name":"Natural Environment Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NE\/N019288\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NE\/N019288\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Biotechnology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In agriculture, antibiotics are used for the treatment and prevention of livestock disease. Antibiotics perturb the bacterial gut composition but the extent of these changes and potential consequences for animal and human health is still debated. Six calves were housed in a controlled environment. Three animals received an injection of the antibiotic florfenicol (Nuflor), and three received no treatment. Faecal samples were collected at 0, 3 and 7\u00a0days, and bacterial communities were profiled to assess the impact of a therapy on the gut microbiota. Phylogenetic analysis (16S\u2010rDNA) established that at day 7, antibiotic\u2010treated microbiota showed a 10\u2010fold increase in facultative anaerobic\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia spp<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a signature of imbalanced microbiota, dysbiosis. The antibiotic resistome showed a high background of antibiotic resistance genes, which did not significantly change in response to florfenicol. However, the maintenance of\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    plasmid\u2010encoded quinolone,\n                    <jats:italic>oqxB<\/jats:italic>\n                    and propagation of\n                    <jats:italic>mcr<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u20102, and colistin resistance genes were observed and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The microbiota of treated animals was enriched with energy harvesting bacteria, common to obese microbial communities. We propose that antibiotic treatment of healthy animals leads to unbalanced, disease\u2010 and obese\u2010related microbiota that promotes growth of\n                    <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    carrying resistance genes on mobile elements, potentially increasing the risk of transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria to humans.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.13496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,30]],"date-time":"2019-10-30T06:40:09Z","timestamp":1572417609000},"page":"669-682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Preventive antibiotic treatment of calves: emergence of dysbiosis causing propagation of obese state\u2010associated and mobile multidrug resistance\u2010carrying bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Dorota A.","family":"Dobrzanska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences Coventry University Coventry UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew T. 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