{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:56:23Z","timestamp":1790862983610,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32325048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32325048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Biotechnology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a zoonotic parasite infecting humans and nearly all warm\u2010blooded animals. Successful parasitism in diverse hosts at various developmental stages requires the parasites to fine tune their metabolism according to environmental cues and the parasite's needs. By manipulating the \u03b2 and \u03b3 subunits, we have previously shown that AMP\u2010activated protein kinase (AMPK) has critical roles in regulating the metabolic and developmental programmes. However, the biological functions of the \u03b1 catalytic subunit have not been established.\n                    <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    encodes a canonical AMPK\u03b1, as well as a KIN kinase whose kinase domain has high sequence similarities to those of classic AMPK\u03b1 proteins. Here, we found that\n                    <jats:italic>Tg<\/jats:italic>\n                    KIN is dispensable for tachyzoite growth, whereas\n                    <jats:italic>Tg<\/jats:italic>\n                    AMPK\u03b1 is essential. Depletion of\n                    <jats:italic>Tg<\/jats:italic>\n                    AMPK\u03b1 expression resulted in decreased ATP levels and reduced metabolic flux in glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, confirming that\n                    <jats:italic>Tg<\/jats:italic>\n                    AMPK is involved in metabolic regulation and energy homeostasis in the parasite. Sequential truncations at the C\u2010terminus found an \u03b1\u2010helix that is key for the function of\n                    <jats:italic>Tg<\/jats:italic>\n                    AMPK\u03b1. The amino acid sequences of this \u03b1\u2010helix are not conserved among various AMPK\u03b1 proteins, likely because it is involved in interactions with\n                    <jats:italic>Tg<\/jats:italic>\n                    AMPK\u03b2, which only have limited sequence similarities to AMPK\u03b2 in other eukaryotes. The essential role of the less conserved C\u2010terminus of\n                    <jats:italic>Tg<\/jats:italic>\n                    AMPK\u03b1 provides opportunities for parasite specific drug designs targeting\n                    <jats:italic>Tg<\/jats:italic>\n                    AMPK\u03b1.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.14455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T10:55:35Z","timestamp":1713437735000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The \u03b1 subunit of\n                    <scp>AMP<\/scp>\n                    \u2010activated protein kinase is critical for the metabolic success and tachyzoite proliferation of\n                    <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Xuke","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural 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