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The occurrence and progression of root caries are associated with the homeostasis of dental plaque biofilm, and microbial synergistic and antagonistic interactions in the biofilm play a significant role in maintaining the oral microecological balance. The objective of the current study was to investigate the role of\n                    <jats:italic>Veillonella parvula<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the microbial interactions and the pathogenesis of root caries. The analysis of clinical samples from patients with\/without root caries revealed that\n                    <jats:italic>Veillonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>V.\u2009parvula<\/jats:italic>\n                    were abundant in the saliva of patients with root caries. More importantly, a significantly increased colonization of\n                    <jats:italic>V.\u2009parvula<\/jats:italic>\n                    was observed in root carious lesions. Further in\u00a0vitro biofilm and animal study showed that\n                    <jats:italic>V.\u2009parvula<\/jats:italic>\n                    colonization increased the abundance and virulence of\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , leading to the formation of a polymicrobial biofilm with enhanced anti\u2010stress capacity and cariogenicity, consequently exacerbating the severity of carious lesions. Our results indicate the critical role of\n                    <jats:italic>V.\u2009parvula<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in the occurrence of root caries, providing a new insight for the etiological investigation and prevention of root caries.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.14547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T23:09:33Z","timestamp":1724108973000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["<i>Veillonella parvula<\/i>\n                    promotes root caries development through interactions with\n                    <i>Streptococcus mutans<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Candida albicans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Guo","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National 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