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Occasionally, highly pathogenic new virus strains emerge. Research on emerging influenza viruses or multiple viral strains is often limited by the need for high biosafety level (BSL) laboratories. To overcome this limitation, we attempt to establish a BSL\u20101\u2010compatible influenza research platform using baculovirus surface display technology. We constructed influenza virus pseudotypes HA\u2010Bac and NA\u2010Bac by displaying hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) proteins from influenza viruses on the surface of baculoviruses. Different HA\u2010Bac and NA\u2010Bac induced a unique inflammatory cytokine profile after transduction into respiratory epithelial and macrophage cell lines. Using insect cells infected with these HA\u2010Bac and NA\u2010Bac as antigens, we established cell\u2010based and lysate\u2010based ELISA to detect HA and NA antibodies. The lysate\u2010based ELISA showed excellent performance in detecting IgG antibodies in patients' serum samples. Finally, hemagglutination induced by HA\u2010Bac\u2010infected insect cells and neuraminidase activity generated by NA\u2010Bac\u2010infected cells were both inhibited by the corresponding antiviral drugs in functional inhibition assays. In summary, this study established a safe influenza research system capable of performing cytokine profiling, serological detection and antiviral drug screening under BSL\u20101 conditions. This system holds promise for application to other emerging respiratory viruses and support of public health preparedness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.70393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T07:46:54Z","timestamp":1780559214000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Applying Baculovirus Surface Display Technology for Influenza Cytokine Profiling, Serological Detection and Antiviral Screening"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Li\u2010Yun","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan, ROC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng Yu","family":"Phan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine National Cheng 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