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However, their industrial cultivation is complicated by complex morphologies ranging from dispersed mycelia to dense pellets, which are closely linked to productivity. Microparticles, such as talc or aluminium oxide, are commonly added to modulate macromorphology, yet their effects across diverse\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                    species remain insufficiently characterized. Here, we systematically evaluated the impact of cellulose particles on growth, morphology, and metabolite production in 13\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                    species (\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp.). Cellulose addition significantly reduced pellet size and altered metabolite profiles in a species\u2010dependent manner, resulting predominantly in a decrease of natural product abundance. Without cellulose addition, metabolite profiles correlated with biosynthetic potential encoded in the genomes, whereas this relationship did not hold in the presence of cellulose. With the addition of cellulose, a decrease in peptide signals present across species was observed. Cellulose\u2010associated mechanical stress led to species\u2010specific metabolomic shifts characterized by increased amino acids, lipids, and other degradation products, consistent with enhanced mechanical cellular disruption, which might have decreased proteolytic turnover during the stationary phase in some species that were more prone to mechanical stress. Although pellet size reduction is often associated with increased abundance of natural products, these findings demonstrate that the influence of solid particles on\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                    natural products and metabolism is species\u2010dependent. This work provides a foundation for future studies using dynamic systems, such as co\u2010cultivation with cellulolytic organisms, to improve natural product discovery.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.70445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T06:46:37Z","timestamp":1789627597000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of Cellulose Particles on\n                    <i>Streptomyces<\/i>\n                    spp. Growth, Morphology, and Metabolite Spectrum"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2484-2539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorothea M.","family":"Sch\u00fctterle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio Pilot Plant Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans\u2010Kn\u00f6ll\u2010Institute  Jena Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Biological Sciences Friedrich\u2010Schiller\u2010University Jena  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2405-7526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bashar","family":"Al\u2010Smadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiome Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans\u2010Kn\u00f6ll\u2010Institute  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4687-5577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jethro L.","family":"Hemmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolomics\u2010Guided Natural Product Discovery Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans\u2010Kn\u00f6ll\u2010Institute  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6353-0960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gesa","family":"Brauneck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AVT \u2013 Biochemical Engineering RWTH Aachen University  Aachen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2910-719X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana M.","family":"Palacio\u2010Barrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio Pilot Plant Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans\u2010Kn\u00f6ll\u2010Institute  Jena Germany"},{"name":"Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse Friedrich\u2010Schiller\u2010University Jena  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1827-7887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Schlembach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio Pilot Plant Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans\u2010Kn\u00f6ll\u2010Institute  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3862-6546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sascha","family":"Sch\u00e4uble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiome Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans\u2010Kn\u00f6ll\u2010Institute  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4381-0088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorgen Barsett","family":"Magnus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AVT \u2013 Biochemical Engineering RWTH Aachen University  Aachen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9393-124X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianni","family":"Panagiotou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biological Sciences Friedrich\u2010Schiller\u2010University Jena  Jena Germany"},{"name":"Department of Microbiome Dynamics Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans\u2010Kn\u00f6ll\u2010Institute  Jena Germany"},{"name":"Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse Friedrich\u2010Schiller\u2010University Jena  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4566-8624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam A.","family":"Rosenbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio Pilot Plant Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans\u2010Kn\u00f6ll\u2010Institute  Jena Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Biological Sciences Friedrich\u2010Schiller\u2010University Jena  Jena Germany"},{"name":"Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse Friedrich\u2010Schiller\u2010University Jena  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.968053"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz282"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12020190"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.00461"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.260370507"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M900194\u2010MCP200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaf334"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02205"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cem.1365"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elsc.202000060"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1002475"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.70348"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010\u2010025\u201005378\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2377"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac051632c"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.28788"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253\u2010008\u20101493\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010026\u201068733\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592\u2010019\u20100344\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587\u2010020\u20100740\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.1324"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elsc.202100151"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.27256"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592\u2010022\u201001744\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1086462"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427\u2010019\u20101597\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587\u2010021\u201001045\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.21713"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","volume-title":"Practical 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