{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T11:03:09Z","timestamp":1790593389805,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019188","name":"HORIZON EUROPE Excellent Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101060625"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101060625"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbial Biotechnology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) is a powerful strategy for exploring functional solution spaces, yet its pace is fundamentally constrained by low spontaneous mutation rates. Here, we present a broadly applicable genetic device that accelerates genome diversification in Gram\u2010negative bacteria through the transient action of a dual base editor (ACBE3). This construct combines cytidine and adenosine deaminase activities with a single\u2010stranded DNA\u2010binding module, enabling efficient genome\u2010wide mutagenesis without reliance on host\u2010specific replication or repair systems. The expression of ACBE3 increased mutation rates by up to four orders of magnitude in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Pseudomonas putida<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , outperforming classical random mutagenesis approaches such as UV irradiation and chemical treatment. Whole\u2010genome sequencing revealed extensive and uniformly distributed mutations, predominantly consistent with deamination signatures, as well as a broader spectrum of nucleotide changes and small indels. The system displayed strong orthogonality, functioning across diverse bacterial taxa. As a proof of concept, coupling ACBE3\u2010mediated diversification with selective growth conditions enabled the rapid evolution of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Acinetobacter calcoaceticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    P320, yielding mutant strains with enhanced growth on\n                    <jats:italic>n\u2010<\/jats:italic>\n                    dodecane within only a few induction cycles. This approach decouples diversification from selection, enabling the controlled exploration of adaptive landscapes at unprecedented speeds. While high mutational loads impose cellular burdens and require tight regulatory control, the platform offers a versatile route to accelerate microbial evolution at both single\u2010strain and community levels. Our results thus document dual base editing as a powerful framework for fostering evolution in microbial biotechnology.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.70450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:31:07Z","timestamp":1790400667000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Accelerated Adaptive Evolution of Gram\u2010Negative Bacteria With a Broad\u2010Host\u2010Range Dual Base Editor"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0133-0461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomas","family":"Aparicio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Biology Department Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\u00eda (CNB\u2010CSIC)  Madrid 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