{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T16:59:37Z","timestamp":1763830777834},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,6]],"date-time":"2017-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 ES021724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 ES021724"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AG041200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AG041200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HD32194"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HD32194"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Diabetes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>There may be sex\u2010specific cardiometabolic mechanisms early in life that affect the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM<\/jats:styled-content>) through mid\u2010adulthood. However, few studies have examined whether early life course interactions between cardiometabolic risk factors and sex are associated with incident T2DM<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>This study followed 7725 children (3834 [49.6%] females, 3891 [50.4%] males) from the Bogalusa Heart Study through mid\u2010adulthood to examine whether low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL\u2010C<\/jats:styled-content>), high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL\u2010C<\/jats:styled-content>), body mass index (BMI<\/jats:styled-content>), or systolic blood pressure (SBP<\/jats:styled-content>) differentially affect the risk of T2DM<\/jats:styled-content> for females versus males. Potential sex interactions were tested after adjusting for age, race, triglycerides, smoking, follow\u2010up time, puberty stage, use of birth control, and enrollment year.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Mean (\u00b1 SD<\/jats:styled-content>) age at baseline was 9.4\u2009\u00b1\u20093.5\u2009years. There were 176 cases of T2DM<\/jats:styled-content> (cumulative incidence\u2009=\u20092.3%) during a median follow\u2010up of 9.1\u2009years. In females versus males, LDL\u2010C<\/jats:styled-content> and SBP<\/jats:styled-content> were differentially associated with T2DM<\/jats:styled-content> (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.001 and P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017, respectively). The relationships of BMI<\/jats:styled-content> and HDL\u2010C<\/jats:styled-content> with T2DM<\/jats:styled-content> were non\u2010differential between females and males (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.79 and P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.27, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>This study is the first to show evidence of sex\u2010specific differential effects of LDL\u2010C<\/jats:styled-content> and SBP<\/jats:styled-content> on the risk of T2DM<\/jats:styled-content> from childhood to adulthood. Greater LDL\u2010C<\/jats:styled-content> places girls at disproportionally higher risk of T2DM<\/jats:styled-content> as women, whereas greater SBP<\/jats:styled-content> differentially exposes boys to a greater risk of T2DM<\/jats:styled-content> as men. Additional studies within existing child cohorts are needed to confirm and investigate the mechanisms underlying these differential effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.12543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,27]],"date-time":"2017-02-27T05:42:39Z","timestamp":1488174159000},"page":"449-457","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Differential sex effects of systolic blood pressure and low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol on type 2 diabetes: Life course data from the Bogalusa Heart Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Benjamin D.","family":"Pollock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily W.","family":"Harville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vivian","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franck","family":"Mauvais\u2010Jarvis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanika N.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lydia A.","family":"Bazzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCO.0000000000000297"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-6686.2012.00274.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2150131913503347"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000343"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90532-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009366"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.1.82"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2015.1127406"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199806043382302"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/20.4.470"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","unstructured":"JangMJ. 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