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These new diagnostic criteria identify an increasing number of women at risk of hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HGiP). Maternal hyperglycemia represents a significant risk to the mother and fetus, in both the short and long term. Controversially, metformin use for the treatment of GDM is increasing in Australia. This article identifies the multiple and varied presentations of HGiP, of which GDM is the most commonly encountered. The degree of maternal hyperglycemia experienced affects the outcomes for both the mother and neonate, and specific diagnosis determines the appropriate treatment for the pregnancy. Given the increasing incidence of women with dysglycemia and those developing HGiP, this is an important area for research and clinical attention for all health professionals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.12660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,24]],"date-time":"2018-03-24T06:15:24Z","timestamp":1521872124000},"page":"633-640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Changing environment of hyperglycemia in pregnancy: Gestational diabetes and diabetes mellitus in pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6405-3126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan G.","family":"Gray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy The University of Queensland  Woolloongabba Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6843-6247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arianne N.","family":"Sweeting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Boden Institute and Central Clinical School, University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1417-7037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Treasure M.","family":"Mcguire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy The University of Queensland  Woolloongabba Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Mater Pharmacy Services, Mater Health Services  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond University  Robina Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4441-9511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neale","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9962-052X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Glynis P.","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Bankstown\u2013Lidcombe Hospital and Central Clinical School, University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0335-3835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter J.","family":"Little","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy The University of Queensland  Woolloongabba Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Xinhua College of Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13271"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4506-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2016.266577"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","article-title":"Different intensities of glycaemic control for women with gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"4","author":"Martis R","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation (IDF).Diabetes Atlas.2017. 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