{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T11:09:34Z","timestamp":1788952174234,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,4]],"date-time":"2021-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Diabetes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study investigates the trajectory of the risk factors of prediabetes progression to overt diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study retrospectively investigated 1610 prediabetic individuals. The trajectory of metabolic indicators was investigated using the generalized estimated equation method with autoregressive working correlation structure through a linear model with the identity link function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During 15\u2009years of follow\u2010up, the trajectories of metabolic risk factors changed from 3\u2009years before diabetes occurrence for fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2\u2010hour plasma glucose (2hPG), 6\u2009years for waist circumference (WC), 9\u2009years for high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL\u2010C), and earlier for body mass index, triglyceride (TG), and TG:HDL ratio. It was shown that the differences in the trajectory of WC and HDL were stable after adjustment for other metabolic risk factors. The trajectories of FPG and 2hPG remained stable after considering multiple insulin resistance markers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Deterioration of metabolic risk factor status can be a predictor of diabetes many years before its occurrence, but the abrupt change in plasma glucose is evident 3\u2009years before diabetes mellitus onset. It seems that the HDL\u2010C and WC trajectories are two independent predictors for diabetes incidence. It was also found that when the rising trend in plasma glucose starts, preventive strategies to lessen insulin resistance might not be efficient.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.13205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T14:26:55Z","timestamp":1623767215000},"page":"905-914","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Metabolic risk factors among prediabetic individuals and the trajectory toward the diabetes incidence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Nooshin","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran 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