{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T06:18:57Z","timestamp":1774678737597,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82373661"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82373661"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018A030313140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018A030313140"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000855","name":"University of Birmingham","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Diabetes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the associations of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity (SO) with memory.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (GBCS) were used to conduct both cross\u2010sectional (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096390) and longitudinal (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093979) analyses. Sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019, while obesity was defined by 20 obesity indicators. Memory was assessed by the Delayed Word Recall Test (DWRT). Linear regression was used to analyze these associations. Two\u2010sample Mendelian randomization (2SMR) was used to investigate potential causal associations of sarcopenia\u2010related traits with memory.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared to participants without sarcopenia, those with sarcopenia had lower baseline and follow\u2010up DWRT score, and greater decrease in mean annual change (MAC) and MAC rate of DWRT score, with adjusted \u03b2s (95% CIs) being \u22120.24 (\u22120.33 to \u22120.14), \u22120.10 (\u22120.20 to \u22120.004), \u22120.03 (\u22120.06 to \u22120.001) and \u22120.79 (\u22121.57 to \u22120.01), respectively. Among all the SO definitions, the associations of SO defined by waist\u2010to\u2010hip\u2010to\u2010height ratio (WHHR) appeared to be the strongest (\u22120.36 [\u22120.50 to \u22120.22], \u22120.31 [\u22120.45 to \u22120.17], \u22120.09 [\u22120.14 to \u22120.05] and \u22122.70 [\u22123.81 to \u22121.59]), and stronger than those with sarcopenia only or obesity only. In 2SMR, walking pace (one of the sarcopenia indicators) was positively associated with working memory (1.61 [0.59, 2.62]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sarcopenia and SO were associated with faster memory decline. Using the central obesity indicator WHHR to define SO may better predict late\u2010life memory.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.70210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T23:33:59Z","timestamp":1773358439000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Associations of Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity Using Different Obesity Definitions With Memory Decline"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Ying Yue","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Greater Bay Area Public Health Research Collaboration  Guangdong China"},{"name":"Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6691-4409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei Sen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Greater Bay Area Public Health Research Collaboration  Guangdong China"},{"name":"Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Greater Bay Area Public Health Research Collaboration  Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ya Li","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kar Keung","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Health Sciences School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tai Hing","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Greater Bay Area Public Health Research Collaboration  Guangdong China"},{"name":"Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"School of Public Health, the University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4197-6303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Greater Bay Area Public Health Research Collaboration  Guangdong China"},{"name":"Department of Applied Health Sciences School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham  Birmingham UK"},{"name":"School of Public Health, the University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22010255"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13143"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13485"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14283\/jfa.2019.28"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13534"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2023.102164"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13665-017-0167-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01296-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyl131"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13378"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15030516"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.203285"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15268-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2007.00439.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954422410000144"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.08.122"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-022-04298-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-03911-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2024.112487"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14283\/jfa.2022.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/tcmj.tcmj_175_22"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2023.105160"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15081853"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjmed-2022-000354"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-58416-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0309124"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2016.00626"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2013.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2023.108672"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.13015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0256702"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.7337"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12772-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.34"}],"container-title":["Journal of Diabetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1753-0407.70210","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1753-0407.70210","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1753-0407.70210","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T03:31:46Z","timestamp":1774668706000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1753-0407.70210"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1753-0407.70210"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1753-0407.70210","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1753-0393","1753-0407"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1753-0393","type":"print"},{"value":"1753-0407","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70210"}}