{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T05:45:46Z","timestamp":1777527946085,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,20]],"date-time":"2016-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Med Imag Rad Onc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Definitive chemoradiotherapy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dCRT<\/jats:styled-content>) is standard care for localised inoperable\/unresectable oesophageal tumours. Many surgical series have reported on distribution of lymph node metastases (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LNM<\/jats:styled-content>) in resected patients. However, no data is available on the distribution of at\u2010risk <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LN<\/jats:styled-content> regions in this more unfavourable patient group. This study aimed to determine the spread of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LNM<\/jats:styled-content> using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PET<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>, to compare it with the distribution in surgical series and to define its impact on the definition of elective <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LN<\/jats:styled-content> irradiation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ENI<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PET<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> images of patients with oesophageal cancer treated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dCRT<\/jats:styled-content> (from 2003 to 2013) were reviewed to identify the anatomic distribution of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010avid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LN<\/jats:styled-content>s. Tumours were divided according to proximal, mid\u2010thoracic or distal localisation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>About 105 consecutive patients entered analysis. The highest numbers of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010avid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LN<\/jats:styled-content>s in proximal tumours were at <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LN<\/jats:styled-content> station 101R (45%) and 106recL (35%). For mid\u2010thoracic tumours at 104R (30%) and 105 (30%). For tumours located in the distal oesophagus, the most common sites were along the lesser curvature of the stomach (21%) and the left gastric artery (21%). Except for the supraclavicular and pretracheal nodes, there were no positive locoregional <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LNM<\/jats:styled-content> found outside the standard surgical resection area.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results show a good correlation between the distribution of nodal volumes at risk in surgical series and on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FDG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PET<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>. The results can be used to determine target definition in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dCRT<\/jats:styled-content> for oesophageal cancer. For mid\u2010thoracic tumours, the current target delineation guidelines may be extended based on the risk of node involvement, but more clinical studies are needed to determine if the potential harm of expanding the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTV<\/jats:styled-content> outweighs the potential benefit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.12474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,21]],"date-time":"2016-05-21T21:44:04Z","timestamp":1463867044000},"page":"520-527","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Distribution of lymph node metastases on <scp>FDG<\/scp>\u2010<scp>PET<\/scp>\/<scp>CT<\/scp> in inoperable or unresectable oesophageal cancer patients and the impact on target volume definition in radiation therapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Melanie","family":"Machiels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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