{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T02:35:46Z","timestamp":1773282946732,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"North Coast Cancer Institute Radiation Oncology Trust","award":["2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Med Imag Rad Onc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate whether the implementation of a hydrogel spacer (Space<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OAR<\/jats:styled-content>) programme for patients treated with 81\u00a0Gy prostate intensity\u2010modulated radiotherapy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMRT<\/jats:styled-content>) in a regional setting can reduce rectal doses and toxicity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective study, 125 patients with localised prostate cancer treated between April 2014 (programme commencement) and June 2015 were compared: 65 with Space<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OAR<\/jats:styled-content> (inserted by five different urologists) and 60 patients treated over the same time period without Space<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OAR<\/jats:styled-content>. Patients were treated with 81\u00a0Gy in 45Fx of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMRT<\/jats:styled-content> over 9\u00a0weeks. Planning aims included restricting rectal doses to V40\u00a0Gy\u00a0&lt;\u00a035%, V65\u00a0Gy\u00a0&lt;\u00a017%, V75\u00a0Gy\u00a0&lt;\u00a010%. Acute toxicity was assessed weekly during radiotherapy and at 12\u00a0weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rectal volume parameters were all significantly lower in the Space<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OAR<\/jats:styled-content> group, with an associated reduction in acute diarrhoea (13.8% vs 31.7%). There were no significant differences in the very low rates of acute and late faecal incontinence or proctitis, however, there was a trend towards increased haemorrhoid rate in the Space<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OAR<\/jats:styled-content> group (11.7% vs 3.1%, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.09).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A Space<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OAR<\/jats:styled-content> programme in a regional setting with urologists performing low volumes of insertions (&lt;1 per month on average) is of clinical benefit, and was associated with significantly lower radiation doses to the rectum and lower rates of acute diarrhoea.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.12580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T11:57:49Z","timestamp":1486036669000},"page":"528-533","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Can a peri\u2010rectal hydrogel space<scp>OAR<\/scp> programme for prostate cancer intensity\u2010modulated radiotherapy be successfully implemented in a regional setting?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Bridget L","family":"te Velde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology Mid\u2010North Coast Cancer Institute Coffs Harbour New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Westhuyzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology Mid\u2010North Coast Cancer Institute Coffs Harbour New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nader","family":"Awad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology Mid\u2010North Coast Cancer Institute Port Macquarie New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maree","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology Mid\u2010North Coast Cancer Institute Coffs Harbour New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas P","family":"Shakespeare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology Mid\u2010North Coast Cancer Institute Coffs Harbour New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","volume-title":"Cancer in Australia: An Overview 2014","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2007.11.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2008.04.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2011.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","unstructured":"Augmenix.2014. \u2018Hydrogel Technology\u2019 [Cited 16 Apr 2014.] Available from URL:http:\/\/www.augmenix.com\/products\/spaceoar\/hydrogel-technology\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-13-27"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.12152"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-015-0548-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajco.12266"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.12275"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S65238"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpor.2016.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","unstructured":"EviQ Cancer Treatments Online.Radiation oncology prostate intermediate risk EBRT definitive. 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