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Clinical practice variation may impact on perforation rates, ionizing radiation exposure and requirement for surgery. The aim of this study was to review the literature regarding the efficacy and safety of fluoroscopically guided pneumatic reduction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGPR<\/jats:styled-content>) compared to ultrasound (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>) guided intussusception reduction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">USGIR<\/jats:styled-content>) techniques for paediatric intussusception treatment. Articles were identified by searching<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OVID<\/jats:styled-content>Medline on 21\/02\/14 and by scanning retrieved articles reference lists. The search was repeated on 30\/09\/15. Systematic reviews (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content>) were appraised with the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PRISMA<\/jats:styled-content>critical appraisal tool. Primary studies underwent a separate critical appraisal process. Successful reductions and perforations per attempt were calculated for each study. Pooled estimates of proportions were calculated for each of these dichotomous outcomes. A<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content>and 42 primary studies were included in the review. No randomised control trial (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>) study was included. Non\u2010randomised comparative studies and non\u2010comparative studies suggest that hydrostatic reduction under<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>control has a similar efficacy and safety profile to pneumatic reduction under fluoroscopic control, but<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">USGIR<\/jats:styled-content>data are dominated by a single large, non\u2010comparative study performed in China. US\u2010guided intussusception reduction should be considered an alternative to<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGPR<\/jats:styled-content>as it has similar efficacy and safety, and affords no ionised radiation exposure. However,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>data are required to inform practice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.12601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,17]],"date-time":"2017-04-17T06:03:07Z","timestamp":1492408987000},"page":"711-717","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Comparison of safety and efficacy of image\u2010guided enema reduction techniques for paediatric intussusception: A review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Renny","family":"Chew","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Imaging Monash Health Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Ditchfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Imaging Monash Health Clayton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Monash 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