{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T23:36:31Z","timestamp":1767915391972,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,11]],"date-time":"2020-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Med Imag Rad Onc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Long\u2010term efficacy of treatment with varicocele embolization is poorly documented from the patient\u2019s perspective. This study assessed patients\u2019 perceived changes in pain scores pre\u2010 and post\u2010testicular vein embolization. In addition, the effect of testicular vein embolization on quality of life (QoL) parameters was assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients treated with embolization for varicocele\u2010related orchalgia were analysed (2009\u20132015). A standardized pain impact questionnaire was used to assess pain scores pre\u2010 and post\u2010procedure. The primary outcome was to assess patients\u2019 pain relief post\u2010varicocele embolization. The secondary outcome was patients\u2019 perceived efficacy of the embolization procedure in terms of improvement in QoL parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty patients underwent varicocele embolization due to persistent orchalgia; of which 44 responded to the questionnaire. The mean pre\u2010procedural pain score was 5.4\/10 (range of 1.5\u20139). Post\u2010procedure questionnaire was performed at a median of 58\u00a0months (range 28\u2013106\u00a0months). At 1, 6 and 12\u00a0months post\u2013procedure, the mean pain score was 1.57, 0.55 and 0.3, respectively. 50% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a022) reported complete pain relief 1\u2010month post\u2010embolization while 89% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a039) of patients reported complete resolution of pain at 1\u00a0year. Among the measured QoL parameters; varicocele embolization resulted in significant improvement in return to work, housework, socializing, exercise, sexual relations, and sleeping post\u2010embolization (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Varicocele embolization results in a durable reduction in pain scores compared to their pre\u2010operative values. Information from this study will allow clinicians to convey the potential improvements in pain parameters to patients undergoing embolization of symptomatic varicoceles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.13001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,12]],"date-time":"2020-02-12T04:55:20Z","timestamp":1581483320000},"page":"215-219","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Pain relief after varicocele embolization: The patient\u2019s perspective"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"Sheehan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Beaumont Hospital Dublin 9 Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hayley","family":"Briody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Beaumont Hospital Dublin 9 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