{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T18:10:44Z","timestamp":1758823844696,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]],"date-time":"2020-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Med Imag Rad Onc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>A single\u2010phase dual\u2010bolus CT (DB\u2010CT) simultaneously opacifies both arterial and venous systems and can be utilised in the trauma setting to aid in the diagnosis of active bleeding while also allowing for optimal assessment of the abdominal and pelvic viscera. Active bleeding can be venous or arterial, the latter being amenable to angiography and potentially embolisation. We aimed to establish the accuracy of single\u2010phase DB\u2010CT vs commonly performed portal venous CT (PV\u2010CT) in the diagnosis of active bleeding when compared to formal digital subtraction angiography as the gold standard.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients diagnosed with active bleeding on PV\u2010CT or DB\u2010CT at a level 1 tertiary centre over a 6\u2010year period and who subsequently proceeded to digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were included for analysis. The initial CT images were retrospectively reviewed by two consultant interventional radiologists who were blinded to the subsequent outcome of the DSA and to each other\u2019s results. The sensitivity, specificity and inter\u2010observer agreement between the two readers was then able to be assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 60 patients were included in the analysis. Sensitivity for the diagnosis for any active bleeding was high for both DB\u2010CT and PV\u2010CT (range 88.9%\u2013100%) while diagnosis of specifically arterial bleeding was comparatively lower (51.9%\u201379%). Inter\u2010observer agreement for the identification of arterial bleeding was better for DB\u2010CT (fair) compared to PV\u2010CT (poor).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both PV\u2010CT and DB\u2010CT demonstrate high sensitivity in the diagnosis of any active bleeding though identification of specifically arterial bleeding is lower for both scanning methods. Nevertheless, inter\u2010observer reliability for the identification of arterial bleeding is higher for DB\u2010CT. Multi\u2010phase arterial and venous CT may yield better results and could be a focus for future studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.13030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]],"date-time":"2020-04-03T16:19:11Z","timestamp":1585930751000},"page":"326-330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Accuracy of dual\u2010bolus CT in the diagnosis of active arterial bleeding in adult pelvic trauma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3888-2200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George N","family":"Harisis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Alfred Hospital Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan TL","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Alfred Hospital Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1859-5850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Warren","family":"Clements","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Alfred Hospital Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2136-9993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Alfred Hospital Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1552-5470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerard S","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Alfred Hospital Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Monash University Clayton Victoria 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