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Our aim was to review the existing literature on the use of PET\u2010CT to help diagnose chronic Q fever. A literature search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar to ascertain publications that included the terms \u2018Positron Emission Tomography\u2019 and \u2018PET CT\u2019 in combination with subheadings \u2018chronic Q fever\u2019 and \u2018<jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic>\u2019 within the search. To broaden our search retrieval, we used the terms \u2018chronic Q fever\u2019 and \u2018PET\u2010CT\u2019. Published literature up to 16<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> April 2020 was included. 274 articles were initially identified. Post\u2010exclusion criteria, 46 articles were included. Amongst case reports and series, the most frequent focus of infection was vascular, followed by musculoskeletal then cardiac. 79.5% of patients had a focus detected with 55.3% of these having proven infected prosthetic devices. Amongst the retrospective and prospective studies, a total of 394 positive sites of foci were identified with 186 negative cases. Some had follow\u2010up scans (53), with 75.5% showing improvement or resolution. Average timeframe for documented radiological resolution post\u2010initiating treatment was 8.86\u00a0months. PET\u2010CT is a useful tool in the management of chronic Q fever. Knowledge of a precise focus enables for directed surgical management helping reduce microbial burden, preventing future complications. Radiological resolution of infection can give clinicians reassurance on whether antimicrobial therapy can be ceased earlier, potentially limiting side effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.13244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,30]],"date-time":"2021-05-30T14:39:32Z","timestamp":1622385572000},"page":"694-709","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Utility of positron emission tomography imaging in the diagnosis of chronic Q fever: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8340-1050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pirathaban","family":"Sivabalan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Princess Alexandra Hospital Woolloongabba Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Pathology Queensland Townsville University Hospital Douglas Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine 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