{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:35:38Z","timestamp":1787063738105,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Med Imag Rad Onc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intravasation on hysterosalpingogram (HSG) is defined by the flow of injected contrast from the uterine cavity into adjacent myometrial vessels. Evidence suggests intravasation can result in consequences such as pulmonary and cerebral embolisms. However, adverse events are poorly reported across published studies. Reported intravasation ranges from 0.0% to 13%, with higher rates attributed to oil\u2010soluble contrast medium (OSCM) use. Recent reviews of OSCM's fertility\u2010enhancing benefits have prompted rapid clinical uptake by fertility specialists worldwide. This instigates increased concern for intravasation and its associated sequelae. We aim to assess the prevalence of intravasation in fluoroscopic HSGs and its reporting in Western Australia (WA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A two\u2010year retrospective analysis of all fluoroscopic HSGs in one public teaching hospital within WA was conducted. All HSGs were retrieved from the public radiology information system and a blinded method was utilised to verify the presence and grading of intravasation in captured HSG images. Grading of intravasation was attributed by anatomical spread: 1 to myometrium, 2 to parametrium and 3 to para\u2010iliac vessels. Results were subsequently compared with reported intravasation to assess for discrepancies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 308 successful HSGs, an intravasation rate of 7.1% was identified. Of these cases, 45% were reported and 32% were graded. Majority (73%) of intravasation events were classified as grade 1, with 9.0% and 18% of cases classified as grade 2 and 3, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Under\u2010reporting of intravasation emphasises a need for increased vigilance of radiologists. Standardised classification can provide interpretational consistency and should be considered to improve safety in future practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.13619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T01:34:03Z","timestamp":1704936843000},"page":"158-166","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Assessment of contrast intravasation in patients investigated by fluoroscopic hysterosalpingograms: A two\u2010year retrospective audit in Western Australia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2011-5612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ci Yue","family":"Chia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Perth Hospital  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmeline","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Western Ultrasound for Women  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"MayerC DeedwaniaP.Hysterosalpingogram.2023."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2021210033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/PJR.896103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/njss.njss_3_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2018.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"CD003718","article-title":"Tubal flushing for subfertility","volume":"2020","author":"Wang R","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2018.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.20238"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.13222"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/547946"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(88)90060-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.179.1.1848715"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.157.4.1892018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.177.1.1770131"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.191.2.8153331"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","article-title":"Venous intravasation during hysterosalpingography","volume":"13","author":"Deftereos SP","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2156-7514.124105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2021.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoz045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1612337"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","volume-title":"Human Reproduction","author":"Dreyer K","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh418"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Fertility\u2010enhancing effect of oil\u2010based contrast agents during hysterosalpingography and the variation of this effect within a 3\u2010year follow\u2010up period in infertile patients","volume":"29","author":"Lu J","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101363"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/tjod.galenos.2023.67750"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","article-title":"Tubal flushing for subfertility","volume":"2015","author":"Mohiyiddeen L","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radi.2023.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Pregnancy rates after hysterosalpingography with oil\u2010and water\u2010soluble contrast media","volume":"68","author":"Alper MM","year":"1986","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoaa030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","unstructured":"The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists.Body Systems in Radiodiagnosis Curriculum [Internet]. Radiodiagnosis Training Program \u2013 Curriculum Version 2.2. RANZCR.2014. [Cited 30 Oct 2023.]: pp. 227\u2013229. Available from URL:https:\/\/www.ranzcr.com\/college\/document\u2010library\/body\u2010systems\u2010rad\u2010curriculum?searchword=Syllabus%20in%20Radiodiagnosis%20Curriculum&indexedsearch[sorting]=score:desc."}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1754-9485.13619","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T20:42:30Z","timestamp":1711572150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1754-9485.13619"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1754-9485.13619"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1754-9485.13619","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1754-9477","1754-9485"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1754-9477","type":"print"},{"value":"1754-9485","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}